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See also:
U+4FEE, 修
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FEE

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 9, +7 in Chinese, 人+8 in Japanese, 9 strokes in Chinese, 10 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人中人竹 (OLOH), four-corner 28222, composition (G) or (HTJKV))

Usage notes

  • Note that in Korean, Japanese and Traditional Chinese scripts, this character is written with ten strokes (as seen in the Kangxi Dictionary) rather than nine as in Simplified. The difference is in the component vs. .

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 106, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 721
  • Dae Jaweon: page 225, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 159, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4FEE

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts


References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *slɯw) : phonetic (OC *lɯw) + semantic .

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (16)
Final () (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter sjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/sɨu/
Pan
Wuyun
/siu/
Shao
Rongfen
/siəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/suw/
Li
Rong
/siu/
Wang
Li
/sĭəu/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/si̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sau1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiū
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjuw ›
Old
Chinese
/*s-liw/
English adorn

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 15475
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*slɯw/

Definitions

  1. to decorate; to embellish
  2. to repair; to mend
  3. to build; to construct
    鐵路铁路  ―  xiū tiělù  ―  to build a railway
  4. to revise; to write; to compile
  5. (education) to study; to cultivate; to take a course
  6. (obsolete) tall; slim; long
  7. Short for 修正主義修正主义 (xiūzhèng zhǔyì). revisionism
  8. a surname

Synonyms

  • (to build):
  • (to repair):

Compounds

References

  • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 266.

Japanese

Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. discipline
  2. conduct oneself well
  3. study
  4. master

Readings

Compounds

Proper noun

(おさむ) (Osamu

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 닦을 (dakkeul su))

  1. hanja form? of (discipline)

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: tu
: Nôm readings: tu

Verb

chữ Hán form of tu ((intransitive) to isolate oneself from other people to follow rules in a philosophy or religion).