傷

Translingual

Han character

傷 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人人日竹 (OOAH), four-corner 2822₇, composition ⿰亻𬀷)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 115, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1029
• Dae Jaweon: page 244, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 211, character 9
• Unihan data for U+50B7

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 傷
Small seal script s05872 Transcribed ancient scripts L32624 L32625 L32626 L32627 L32628 L09277 L09278 L09279 L09280 L09281 L09282 L09283
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs) : semantic 人 + phonetic 𥏻 ().

Current form resembles 从 + 昜.

Etymology

Perhaps a causative of 瘍 (OC *laŋ, “ulcers”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Definitions

傷

1. wound; injury

   刀傷／刀伤  ―  dāoshāng  ―  knife wound

   • 跌倒再爬起來　傷會復原 [Sixian Hakka, trad.]
     跌倒再爬起来　伤会复原 [Sixian Hakka, simp.]

     From: 2014, 羅文裕 (Wing Lo), 演好自己

     vang-tó chai pak hí-lòi, sông voi fu̍k-ngiàn [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]

     Getting up after falling down, wounds will recover

2. to injure; to hurt

   • 三日而食，教民無以死傷生。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     三日而食，教民无以死伤生。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Classic of Filial Piety, circa 475 – 221 BCE

     Sān rì ér shí, jiàomín wú yǐ sǐ shāng shēng.

     After three days he may partake of food, for thus the people are taught that the living should not be injured on account of the dead.

   傷感情／伤感情  ―  shāng gǎnqíng  ―  to hurt someone's feelings

   我傷了腿。／我伤了腿。  ―  Wǒ shāng le tuǐ.  ―  I injured my leg.

   被摩托車撞傷／被摩托车撞伤  ―  bèi mótuōchē zhuàng shāng  ―  to be knocked dow and injured by a motorcycle

3. to fall ill from
4. to get sick of something
5. to harm

   無傷大雅／无伤大雅  ―  wúshāngdàyǎ  ―  to not matter much; to do no harm

6. distressed; sorrowful

   傷感／伤感  ―  shānggǎn  ―  sentimental

   悲傷／悲伤  ―  bēishāng  ―  sad' sorrowful

7. (Southern Min) too; excessively

   傷大／伤大 [Hokkien]  ―  siuⁿ tōa [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  too big

8. (Singapore Hokkien, literal) injurious
9. (Singapore Hokkien, slang) very tough or difficult
10. a surname

Synonyms

• (too):

Compounds

References

• “傷”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kun: きず (kizu, 傷, Jōyō); いたむ (itamu, 傷む, Jōyō); いためる (itameru, 傷める, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 火傷(やけど) (yakedo)

Etymology 1

⟨ki₁zu⟩ → */kizu/ → /kizu/

From Old Japanese 瑕 (ki₁zu).

Any apparent relation to verb 切る (kiru, “to cut”) is rejected by mid-vowel preservation of its Ryukyuan cognates.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きず (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

傷(きず) or 傷(キズ) • (kizu) 

1. any form of shallow wound: an injury, cut, scar
2. any kind of light damage: a chip, scratch, blemish, stain

   車(くるま)の傷(きず)を消(け)す ― kuruma no kizu o kesu ― to remove a scratch on a car

Compounds

Descendants

• Korean: 기스 (giseu)

Etymology 2

/sjau/ → /sʲɔː/ → /sʲoː/

From Middle Chinese 傷 (MC syang|syangH).

Affix

傷(しょう) • (shō) ^{←しやう (syau)?}

1. wound, injury
2. damage, harm
3. grief, sorrow

Derived terms

See also

• 怪(け)我(が) (kega)

References

Korean

Hanja

傷 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 상처 (傷處, sangcheo)
• 부상 (負傷, busang)

Kunigami

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Kun: きじー (khijī, 傷)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *kezu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

傷(きじー) (khijī) 

1. a wound

Miyako

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Kun: きず (kidzu, 傷, Jōyō)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *kezu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

傷(きず) (kidzu) 

1. a wound

References

• “キズ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Miyako Dialect Dictionary.

Okinawan

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On (unclassified): しょー (shō)
• Kun: きじ (kiji, 傷)

Compounds

• 傷(しょー)寒(かん) (shōkan)
• 食(しょく)傷(しょー) (shokushō)
• 破(は)傷(しょー)風(ふー) (hashōfū)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *kezu.

Pronunciation

• (Shuri) き​じ (Kakō – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

傷(きじ) (kiji) 

1. a wound

Derived terms

References

Further reading

• “きじ【傷】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Vietnamese

Han character

傷: Hán Nôm readings: thương

Verb

傷

1. chữ Hán form of thương (“to wound”).
2. chữ Hán form of thương (“to love (platonically)”).

Yonaguni

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Kun: きでぃ (kidi, 傷)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *kezu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

傷(きでぃ) (kidi) 

1. a wound