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U+51A5, 冥
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51A5

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 14, +8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月日卜金 (BAYC), four-corner 37800, composition or 𠕾)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 130, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1588
  • Dae Jaweon: page 293, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 304, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+51A5

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𡨕
𠖇

Glyph origin

Originally ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (cloth cover) + (sun) + (two hands); hence, the upper part of the character is 𠕾. The was later corrupted to .

May also be a phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *meːŋ) : phonetic (OC *meːɡ) + semantic + semantic (Shuowen Jiezi).

Etymology

An area word for "night"; Compare Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʰməŋH (night), Proto-Bahnaric *maŋ (night), Burmese မည်း (many:, dark; black) (Schuessler, 2007).

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *muːŋ ~ r/s-muːk (foggy; dark; sullen; menacing; thunder).

Pronunciation 1



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter meng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/meŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/meŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/mɛŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/mɛjŋ/
Li
Rong
/meŋ/
Wang
Li
/mieŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/mieŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
míng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ming4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
míng
Middle
Chinese
‹ meng ›
Old
Chinese
/*mˁeŋ/
English dark

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 9197
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*meːŋ/

Definitions

  1. (literary) dark; dim; gloomy; faint
  2. (literary) ignorant; muddled
    頑不靈顽不灵  ―  míngwánbùlíng  ―  obstinate and ignorant
  3. deep; profound
    苦思  ―  kǔsīmíngxiǎng  ―  to think long and hard
  4. the underworld
      ―  míng  ―  the nether world
  5. (obsolete) night
  6. a surname
Compounds

Pronunciation 2


Definitions

  1. Only used in 顛冥颠冥.

Pronunciation 3


Definitions

  1. Only used in 冥眴.

References

  • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 159.

Japanese

Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. dark
    Synonym:
  2. underworld; the world of dead people

Readings

Compounds

dark
world of dead people
other meaning

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 어두울 (eoduul myeong))

  1. hanja form? of (dark, gloomy, night)
  2. hanja form? of (deep)

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: minh, mênh, mưng

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