分子

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See also: 份子

Chinese

to divide; minute; (a measure word)
to divide; minute; (a measure word); (a unit of leng)
 
child; son; (noun suffix)
child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight
 
trad. (分子) 分 子
simp. #(分子) 分 子
alternative forms 份子 Pronunciation 2
Wikipedia has articles on:

Etymology

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “sense of molecule being a calque of Latin particula?”

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 分 子
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 文 (59) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 府文切 即里切
Baxter pjun tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pɨun/ /t͡sɨX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/piun/ /t͡sɨX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/piuən/ /t͡sieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pun/ /t͡sɨX/
Li
Rong 		/piuən/ /t͡siəX/
Wang
Li 		/pĭuən/ /t͡sĭəX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pi̯uən/ /t͡siX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fēn zǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fan1 zi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 分 子
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fēn zǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pjun › ‹ tsiX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pə/ /*tsəʔ/
English divide child; gentleman, master

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 分 子
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 3148 17857
Phonetic
component 		分 子
Rime
group 		文 之
Rime
subdivision 		1 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		分 子
Old
Chinese 		/*pɯn/ /*ʔslɯʔ/

Noun

分子

  1. side branch in a family tree
  2. component
  3. (chemistry) molecule
    極性分子／极性分子  ―  jíxìng fēnzǐ  ―  polar molecule
    一分子甲烷  ―  yī fēnzǐ jiǎwán  ―  a molecule of methane
  4. (arithmetic) numerator
Derived terms

Pronunciation 2

Noun

分子

  1. (chiefly derogatory) member (of a class); element (of a group of people)
    不法分子  ―  bùfǎ fènzǐ  ―  offender
    分裂分子  ―  fēnliè fènzǐ  ―  separatist
Derived terms

Pronunciation 3

Noun

分子

  1. Taiwan standard form of 份子 (fènzi).

Pronunciation 4

Noun

分子

  1. (Xiang) mark; grade; score
Synonyms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
分 子
ぶん
Grade: 2 		し
Grade: 1
goon
 分子 on Japanese Wikipedia

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 分子 (pjun tsiX).

Pronunciation

Noun

分(ぶん)子(し) • (bunshi) 

  1. (set theory) element
  2. (arithmetic) numerator
  3. (chemistry) molecule

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
分子

Noun

分子 • (bunja) (hangeul 분자)

  1. hanja form? of 분자 (“molecule; element; numerator”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
分子

Noun

分子

  1. chữ Hán form of phân tử (“molecule, element”).
  2. chữ Hán form of phần tử (“member (of a class); element (of a group of people, things)”).
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