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U+52D2, 勒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52D2

CJK Unified Ideographs
U+F952, 勒
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F952

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 19, +9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿十大尸 (TJKS), four-corner 44527, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 148, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2386
  • Dae Jaweon: page 333, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 374, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+52D2

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rɯːɡ) : semantic + phonetic (OC *rɯɡ). Bridles are made of leather.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation


Note: lēi - vernacular (“to tie tight”) - lè - literary (other senses).
Note:
  • lia̍k/le̍k - literary (“to roll up one's sleeves or trousers (Zhangzhou)”);
  • liak - literary (“to make a pleat”);
  • lek - (“to roll up one's sleeves or trousers (Xiamen, Zhangzhou); to use one's hand to straighten up something”);
  • la̍k - used in 肥勒爺肥勒爷;
  • leh/le̍h - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /lɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /lɤ²¹³/ ~令
/lei⁴⁴/ ~緊
Tianjin /lei²¹/
/lɤ⁵³/
Jinan /lə²¹³/
/lei²¹³/
Qingdao /lə⁴²/
/le⁴²/
Zhengzhou /lɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /lei²¹/
Xining /lɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /lia¹³/
/lə¹³/
Lanzhou /lə¹³/
Ürümqi /lei⁴⁴/
Wuhan /nɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /ne³¹/
/nie³¹/
Guiyang /lɛ²¹/
Kunming /lə³¹/
Nanjing /ləʔ⁵/
Hefei /laɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /liəʔ²/
Pingyao /lʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /ləʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ləʔ¹/
Suzhou /ləʔ³/
Hangzhou /ləʔ²/
Wenzhou /le²¹³/
Hui Shexian /le²²/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /lə²⁴/
Xiangtan /næ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /lɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /let̚⁵/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /lɐk̚²/
Nanning /lɐk̚²²/
Hong Kong /lɐk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lik̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /lɛiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /lɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /lek̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lek̚⁵/
/lek̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter lok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/lək̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/lək̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/lək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lək̚/
Li
Rong
/lək̚/
Wang
Li
/lək̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/lək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lak6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ lok › ‹ lok ›
Old
Chinese
/*ˁək/ /*ˁək/
English engrave bridle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7844
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rɯːɡ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. (literary) bridle (headgear for a horse)
  2. to rein in; to restrain
  3. to compel; to force; to coerce
  4. to halter; to headstall
  5. (literary) to command; to lead; to lay out (forces)
  6. (colloquial) to strap tightly; to bind tight; to strangle; to tighten
  7. to restrict; to limit
  8. (literary) to cut; to carve; to engrave
  9. to compile; to bind (to make a book)
  10. to write; to draw; to depict
  11. to extort; to blackmail
  12. to tantalise; to provoke
  13. Short for 勒克斯 (lèkèsī, “lux”).
  14. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to roll up one's sleeves or trousers
  15. (Xiamen Hokkien) to use one's hand to straighten up something
  16. (Quanzhou Hokkien) to make a pleat
  17. A respelling of the French patronymic le
      ―  páng  ―  Le Pen
Synonyms
  • (to carve):

Compounds

Etymology 2

From (MC dzojX) (Dai, 2004). Compare > . Cognate with ().

Pronunciation


Note: 8leq (Haiyan) - also 4lə.

Definitions

(Northern Wu)

  1. to be at; to be in
  2. at; in
  3. the process of; currently (used to indicate the continuous aspect)
  4. -ed; used to indicate the perfective aspect
Synonyms
  • (at):
  • (the process of):

Etymology 3

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Alternative form of (modal particle)

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to pick up something with one's fingertips, especially with one's thumb and forefinger”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. halter and bit

Readings

  • Go-on: ろく (roku)
  • Kan-on: ろく (roku)
  • Kun: くつわ (kutsuwa, )

Etymology

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
ろく
Hyōgai
on'yomi

Middle Chinese (lək̚)

Pronunciation

Noun

(ろく) (roku

  1. bit (metal in horse's mouth)
  2. headstall
  3. the second of the Eight Principles of Yong

Hypernyms

Coordinate terms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 굴레 (gulle reuk), word-initial (South Korea) 굴레 (gulle neuk))

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Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: lặc, lắc, lấc, lật, lất

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