匈

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匈 U+5308, 匈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5308
← 匇
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 匉 →

Translingual

Han character

匈 (Kangxi radical 20, 勹+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 心山大 (PUK), four-corner 27720, composition ⿹勹凶)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 151, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2512
  • Dae Jaweon: page 340, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 258, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5308

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 匈
alternative forms 匂
匃

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 匈
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (凶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
酗 *qʰos
凶 *qʰoŋ
匈 *qʰoŋ
兇 *qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ
訩 *qʰoŋ
胸 *qʰoŋ
胷 *qʰoŋ
洶 *qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ
恟 *qʰoŋ
詾 *qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰoŋ) : semantic 勹 + phonetic 凶 (OC *qʰoŋ). The derivative 胸 refers to the original word.

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 匈 – see 胸 (“chest; thorax; breast; bosom; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 胸).
Notes:

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 匈
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 許容切
Baxter xjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/hɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/hioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/huawŋ/
Li
Rong 		/xioŋ/
Wang
Li 		/xĭwoŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/xi̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xiōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hung1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 匈
Reading # 1/1
No. 13890
Phonetic
component 		凶
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		胷
Old
Chinese 		/*qʰoŋ/
Notes 説文胷字見集韻

Definitions

匈

  1. Hun, Hunnic
  2. Short for 匈牙利 (Xiōngyálì, “Hungary, Hungarian”).
  3. Used in 匈匈.
  4. † Alternative form of 凶 (xiōng, “famine”)
  5. † Alternative form of 兇 / 凶 (xiōng, “fearful; fierce; ferocious”)

Compounds

Usage notes

This character is only used in some proper nouns and is not productive in modern Chinese. See 匈奴 (Xiōngnú) and 匈牙利 (Xiōngyálì).

References

  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “匈”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 266.

Japanese

Kanji

匈

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: く (ku)
  • Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
  • Kun: むね (mune, 匈)、おそれる (osoreru)、さわぐ (sawagu)


Kanji in this term
匈
きょう
Hyōgai
kan'on

Noun

匈(きょう) • (kyō) 

  1. Abbreviation of 匈牙利. Hungary

Korean

Hanja

匈 (eumhun 오랑캐 흉 (orangkae hyung))

  1. barbarian
  2. savage
  3. foreigner

Vietnamese

Han character

匈: Hán Nôm readings: hung

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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