卒業

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See also: 卒业

Chinese

to finish business; occupation; study
trad. (卒業) 卒 業
simp. (卒业) 卒 业
alternative forms 出業／出业 Min Nan

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 卒 業
Reading # 1/3 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 術 (52) 業 (147)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 子聿切 魚怯切
Baxter tswit ngjaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡siuɪt̚/ /ŋɨɐp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʷit̚/ /ŋiɐp̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sjuet̚/ /ŋiɐp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡swit̚/ /ŋɨap̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡siuĕt̚/ /ŋiap̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sĭuĕt̚/ /ŋĭɐp̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡si̯uĕt̚/ /ŋi̯ɐp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ju yè
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zeot1 jip6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 卒 業
Reading # 1/2 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zú yè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tswit › ‹ ngjæp ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ut/ /*(r)p/
English finish, die work (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 卒 業
Reading # 3/3 1/1
No. 17964 14819
Phonetic
component 		卒 業
Rime
group 		物 盍
Rime
subdivision 		2 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		卒 業
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsud/ /*ŋab/
Notes 裘錫圭康殷皆雲金文象衣加劃表衣縫製完結

Verb

卒業 (intransitive)

  1. (literary) to graduate
  2. (Classical) to finish a task
  3. (Classical) to finish reading aloud

Synonyms

  • (to graduate):

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (卒業):

Japanese

Kanji in this term
卒 業
そつ
Grade: 4 		ぎょう
Grade: 3
kan'on
Alternative spelling
卆業

Pronunciation

Noun

卒(そつ)業(ぎょう) • (sotsugyō) ←そつげふ (sotugefu)?

  1. graduation
    人間(にんげん)卒業(そつぎょう)
    ningen sotsugyō
    (humorous) transcending humanity; superhuman
  2. outgrowth
  3. (Japanese entertainment) graduation (leaving a group)

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Verb

卒(そつ)業(ぎょう)する • (sotsugyō suru) ←そつげふ (sotugefu)?suru (stem 卒(そつ)業(ぎょう)し (sotsugyō shi), past 卒(そつ)業(ぎょう)した (sotsugyō shita))

  1. to graduate
    大学(だいがく)を卒業(そつぎょう)する
    daigaku o sotsugyō suru
    graduate from college
  2. to outgrow
    工業社会(こうぎょうしゃかい)を卒業(そつぎょう)して、情報社会(じょうほうしゃかい)に移行(いこう)する
    kōgyō shakai o sotsugyō shite, jōhō shakai ni ikō suru
    outgrow the industrial society and shift to the information society
  3. (Japanese entertainment) to graduate (leave a group)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "卒業する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 卒業し そつぎょうし sotsugyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 卒業し そつぎょうし sotsugyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 卒業する そつぎょうする sotsugyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 卒業する そつぎょうする sotsugyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 卒業すれ そつぎょうすれ sotsugyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 卒業せよ¹
卒業しろ² 		そつぎょうせよ¹
そつぎょうしろ² 		sotsugyō seyo¹
sotsugyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 卒業される そつぎょうされる sotsugyō sareru
Causative 卒業させる
卒業さす 		そつぎょうさせる
そつぎょうさす 		sotsugyō saseru
sotsugyō sasu
Potential 卒業できる そつぎょうできる sotsugyō dekiru
Volitional 卒業しよう そつぎょうしよう sotsugyō shiyō
Negative 卒業しない そつぎょうしない sotsugyō shinai
Negative continuative 卒業せず そつぎょうせず sotsugyō sezu
Formal 卒業します そつぎょうします sotsugyō shimasu
Perfective 卒業した そつぎょうした sotsugyō shita
Conjunctive 卒業して そつぎょうして sotsugyō shite
Hypothetical conditional 卒業すれば そつぎょうすれば sotsugyō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
卒業

Noun

卒業 • (joreop) (hangeul 졸업)

  1. hanja form? of 졸업 (“graduation”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
卒業

Verb

卒業

  1. chữ Hán form of tốt nghiệp (“to graduate”).
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