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U+53CD, 反
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53CD

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Stroke order (Mainland China)
4 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 29, +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹水 (HE), four-corner 71247 or 72247, composition 𠂆(G) or (TJK))

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 165, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3127
  • Dae Jaweon: page 375, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 391, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+53CD

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *panʔ, *pʰan) : semantic (hand) + phonetic (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns). The character originally depicted the action of turning the palm of the hand, and by extension, it came to mean "to return" or "to reverse."[1]

References

  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Etymology 1

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *par (to trade; to buy; to sell), from which Tibetan ཕར (phar, interest (on money); exchange) is derived.

Cognate with (OC *pans, “to trade”), which is an exoactive of (OC *panʔ, *pʰan, “to return, lit. to make someone return”) (Schuessler, 2007).

(OC *pʰan, “a turn; a time”) is the iterative of (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • bēng - vernacular;
  • huāng - literary.
Note:
  • péng/púiⁿ/pán/páiⁿ - vernacular;
  • hoán - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: boin2 / bain2 / huang2 / huêng2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: póiⁿ / páiⁿ / huáng / huéng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /põĩ⁵²/, /pãĩ⁵²/, /huaŋ⁵²/, /hueŋ⁵²/
Note:
  • boin2 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Chenghai, Raoping);
  • bain2 - vernacular (Chaoyang, Jieyang, Shantou);
  • huang2/huêng2 - literary (huêng2 - Chaozhou).

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (1)
Final () (66)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter pjonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pʉɐnX/
Pan
Wuyun
/pʷiɐnX/
Shao
Rongfen
/piuɐnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/puanX/
Li
Rong
/piuɐnX/
Wang
Li
/pĭwɐnX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/pi̯wɐnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
faan2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
fǎn fǎn
Middle
Chinese
‹ bænX › ‹ pjonX ›
Old
Chinese
/*ˁranʔ/ /*Cə.panʔ/
English dignified, grand reverse (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 2968
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*panʔ/
Definitions

  1. to turn over; to reverse
    敗為勝败为胜  ―  fǎnbàiwéishèng  ―  to turn defeat into victory
    [Cantonese]  ―  zek3 syun4 faan2 zo2.   ―  The boat capsized.
  2. to return; to counter
      ―  fǎngōng  ―  to counterattack
      ―  fǎnwèn  ―  to ask a question in reply
  3. to rebel; to revolt
      ―  zàofǎn  ―  to rebel
  4. to oppose
    法西斯  ―  fǎnfǎxīsī  ―  antifascist
    貪腐贪腐  ―  fǎn tānfǔ  ―  anti-corruption
  5. instead; on the contrary
  6. reverse
    衣服穿 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Nǐ bǎ yīfu chuān fǎn le.
    You have put your clothes on inside out.
  7. to infer; to generalize
    舉一举一  ―  jǔyīfǎnsān  ―  to infer other cases based on one instance
  8. (literary) to reflect (on one's actions)
  9. (obsolete) to revenge
  10. (chemistry) trans-
    異構异构  ―  shùn-fǎn yìgòu  ―  cis-trans isomerism
    -2-丁烯  ―  fǎn-èr-dīngxī  ―  trans-2-butene
    Antonym: (shùn)
  11. (Southern Min) to leaf through; to scan
  12. Alternative form of (fǎn, to return; to give back)
  13. Short for 反革命 (fǎngémìng, “counterrevolutionary”).
      ―  fǎn  ―  to eliminate counterrevolutionaries
  14. (phonetics) Synonym of (qiè)
  15. a surname

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (2)
Final () (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter phjon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pʰʉɐn/
Pan
Wuyun
/pʰʷiɐn/
Shao
Rongfen
/pʰiuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pʰuan/
Li
Rong
/pʰiuɐn/
Wang
Li
/pʰĭwɐn/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/pʰi̯wɐn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
faan1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 2974
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pʰan/
Definitions

  1. to redress
  2. to pour
  3. (phonetics) Short for 反切 (fǎnqiè, “fanqie”).
  4. to flip over

Pronunciation 3


Definitions

  1. Used in 反反.
  2. Alternative form of (fàn)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (はん) (han)
  • Korean: 반(反) (ban)
  • Vietnamese: phản ()

Etymology 2

trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation

Definitions

  1. (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note fa (4).
    Synonym: (fán) (Kunqu)

Derived terms

References

Japanese

See also 反する

Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. anti-

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
はん
Grade: 3
kan'on

Prefix

(はん) (han-

  1. anti-
Antonyms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
たん
Grade: 3
kan'yōon
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
たん6
a unit of areal measure equivalent to 300 (tsubo), now standardised at exactly 120000/121 square metres (around 991.7 m²)
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese (MC pjonX).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 되돌릴 (doedollil ban))

  1. hanja form? of (reverse; anti-)

Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese (MC phjon).

Pronunciation

Hanja

(eumhun 뒤집을 (dwijibeul beon))

  1. (literary) hanja form? of (to flip over)

Compounds

Etymology 3

Related to Middle Chinese (MC pjonH).

Hanja

(eumhun (pal pan))

  1. Alternative form of (hanja form? of (to sell))

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: phản, phiên

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