叢
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Translingual
Han character
叢 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+16, 18 strokes, cangjie input 廿金廿水 (TCTE), four-corner 32147, composition ⿱丵取)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 167, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3220
- Dae Jaweon: page 379, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 402, character 15
- Unihan data for U+53E2
Chinese
| trad. | 叢 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 丛 | |
| alternative forms | 从 variant and 1955 Draft Simplified 樷 ancient and ROC simp. 藂 欉 variant and Min Nan vernacular 菆 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 叢 | |
|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Qin slip script | Small seal script |
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 陬 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsru, *ʔslo |
| 棷 | *ʔsloː, *sʰloːʔ, *sloːʔ, *ʔsru |
| 掫 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsruʔ, *ʔslo |
| 緅 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsru, *slos |
| 趣 | *sʰloːʔ, *sʰlos |
| 取 | *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ |
| 鯫 | *zloː, *zloːʔ, *sʰlo |
| 棸 | *rlu, *rluʔ, *ʔsru |
| 鄹 | *ʔsru, *zloʔ, *ljoːnʔ |
| 郰 | *ʔsru |
| 齱 | *ʔsru, *sʰroːɡ |
| 菆 | *ʔsru, *sʰros, *zloːn |
| 箃 | *ʔsru |
| 黀 | *ʔsru |
| 驟 | *zrus |
| 最 | *zloːds |
| 襊 | *sʰoːds, *sʰoːd |
| 蕞 | *zoːds |
| 嘬 | *sʰroːds |
| 諏 | *ʔslo |
| 娵 | *ʔslo |
| 娶 | *sʰloʔ, *sʰlos, *slo |
| 聚 | *zloʔ, *zlos |
| 埾 | *zlos |
| 藂 | *zloːŋ |
| 叢 | *zloːŋ |
| 繓 | *ʔsoːd |
| 撮 | *ʔsoːd, *sʰoːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zloːŋ) : semantic 丵 + phonetic 取 (OC *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *C-tsəw-k/ŋ (“to collect; to gather; to assemble”). Cognate with 聚 (OC *zloʔ, *zlos, “to collect; to store”), 族 (OC *zoːɡ, “clan”), 最 (OC *zloːds, “to collect; most”), 稯 (OC *ʔsoːŋ, “sheaf; bundle”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): co̤̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): cùng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cóng
- Wade–Giles: tsʻung2
- Yale: tsúng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsorng
- Palladius: цун (cun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cong
- Wade–Giles: tsʻung1
- Yale: tsūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsong
- Palladius: цун (cun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cung4
- Yale: chùhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsung4
- Guangdong Romanization: cung4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tuung3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɵŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhùng
- Hakka Romanization System: cungˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cung2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: co̤̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cùng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- chông - literary;
- châng - vernacular (classifier for trees).
- Middle Chinese: dzuwng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*dzˤoŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zloːŋ/
Definitions
叢
- to collect; to gather; to assemble; to crowd together
- bush; shrub; thicket; grove
- collection; crowd
- (Northern Min, Southern Min) Classifier for plants.
- (Hokkien) Classifier for long objects.
- a surname
Synonyms
- (classifier for plants):
Dialectal synonyms of 棵 (“(classifier for plants)”)
- (classifier for long objects):
Dialectal synonyms of 把 (“(classifier for knives)”)
Dialectal synonyms of 支 (“(classifier for cigarettes)”)
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 支 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 根兒, 顆, 支 |
| Taiwan | 根 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 顆, 根兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 根兒, 支 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 杆 |
| Wuhan | 根 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 根, 支 |
| Hefei | 根 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 支 |
| Hong Kong | 支, 飛 | |
| Yangjiang | 支 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 根 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 支 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 根, 支 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 支, 筒 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 條 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 支, 叢 |
| Tainan | 支 | |
| Chaozhou | 支 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 根, 支 |
| Wenzhou | 支 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 根 |
| Shuangfeng | 根 | |
Compounds
- 並頭叢／并头丛
- 人叢／人丛 (réncóng)
- 刀叢／刀丛
- 叢倒／丛倒
- 叢倚／丛倚
- 叢冗／丛冗
- 叢冢／丛冢 (cóngzhǒng)
- 叢刊／丛刊 (cóngkān)
- 叢刻／丛刻
- 叢劇／丛剧
- 叢叢／丛丛
- 叢報／丛报
- 叢塗／丛涂
- 叢塊根／丛块根
- 叢夥／丛伙
- 叢委／丛委
- 叢密／丛密
- 叢射／丛射
- 叢山峻嶺／丛山峻岭
- 叢巧／丛巧
- 叢帖／丛帖
- 叢龐／丛庞
- 叢怨／丛怨
- 叢悴／丛悴
- 叢悲／丛悲
- 叢惡／丛恶
- 叢戰／丛战
- 叢手／丛手
- 叢擁／丛拥
- 叢攢／丛攒
- 叢書／丛书 (cóngshū)
- 叢曹劇部／丛曹剧部
- 叢木／丛木
- 叢林／丛林 (cónglín)
- 叢植／丛植
- 叢棘／丛棘
- 叢殘／丛残
- 叢殘小語／丛残小语
- 叢毛／丛毛
- 叢沓／丛沓
- 叢泊／丛泊
- 叢湊／丛凑
- 叢滋／丛滋
- 叢灌／丛灌
- 叢然／丛然
- 叢煩／丛烦
- 叢物／丛物
- 叢猥／丛猥
- 叢玉／丛玉
- 叢瑣／丛琐
- 叢生／丛生 (cóngshēng)
- 叢生葉／丛生叶
- 叢社／丛社
- 叢祠／丛祠
- 叢穢／丛秽
- 叢箐／丛箐
- 叢箭／丛箭
- 叢篁／丛篁
- 叢篠／丛筱
- 叢簇／丛簇
- 叢糅／丛糅
- 叢細／丛细
- 叢緻／丛致
- 叢繁／丛繁
- 叢繆／丛缪
- 叢翳／丛翳
- 叢聚／丛聚
- 叢育／丛育
- 叢脞／丛脞 (cóngcuǒ)
- 叢臺／丛台 (Cóngtái)
- 叢芳／丛芳
- 叢芮／丛芮
- 叢茂／丛茂
- 叢莽／丛莽 (cóngmǎng)
- 叢萃／丛萃
- 叢菅／丛菅
- 叢葆／丛葆
- 叢葬／丛葬
- 叢蓍／丛蓍
- 叢蔚／丛蔚
- 叢蕪／丛芜
- 叢薄／丛薄
- 叢薈／丛荟
- 叢蘭／丛兰
- 叢談／丛谈
- 叢豔／丛艳
- 叢輕折軸／丛轻折轴
- 叢辰／丛辰
- 叢遽／丛遽
- 叢重／丛重
- 叢錯／丛错
- 叢雀淵魚／丛雀渊鱼
- 叢集／丛集 (cóngjí)
- 叢雜／丛杂 (cóngzá)
- 叢雨／丛雨
- 叢雲／丛云
- 叢霄／丛霄
- 叢顇／丛悴
- 叢駢／丛骈
- 孔叢子／孔丛子 (Kǒngcóngzǐ)
- 密叢叢／密丛丛
- 密密叢叢／密密丛丛
- 巑叢／𰏁丛
- 幽叢／幽丛
- 拔叢／拔丛
- 拔叢出類／拔丛出类
- 攢叢／攒丛
- 新民叢報／新民丛报
- 春叢／春丛
- 林叢／林丛 (líncóng)
- 枯叢／枯丛
- 柳陌花叢／柳陌花丛
- 桂叢／桂丛
- 棘叢／棘丛
- 榛叢／榛丛
- 樹叢／树丛 (shùcóng)
- 水泥叢林／水泥丛林 (shuǐní cónglín)
- 深叢／深丛
- 淵魚叢爵／渊鱼丛爵
- 灌叢／灌丛
- 為叢敺雀／为丛驱雀 (wèicóngqūquè)
- 為叢驅雀／为丛驱雀 (wèicóngqūquè)
- 玉叢／玉丛
- 珍叢／珍丛
- 百弊叢生／百弊丛生
- 百病叢生／百病丛生
- 神叢／神丛
- 窠叢／窠丛
- 笙叢／笙丛
- 籍叢／籍丛
- 籠叢／笼丛
- 綠叢／绿丛
- 綺羅叢／绮罗丛
- 芳叢／芳丛
- 花叢／花丛 (huācóng)
- 花柳叢／花柳丛
- 草叢／草丛 (cǎocóng)
- 蟠青叢翠／蟠青丛翠
- 蠶叢／蚕丛
- 蠹叢／蠹丛
- 蠶叢路／蚕丛路
- 蠶叢鳥道／蚕丛鸟道
- 談叢／谈丛
- 諸務叢脞／诸务丛脞
- 豔叢／艳丛
- 連叢／连丛
- 野草叢生／野草丛生
- 雜草叢生／杂草丛生
- 霜叢／霜丛
- 青叢／青丛
- 髻叢／髻丛
- 鬧叢叢／闹丛丛
- 鬱叢叢／郁丛丛
- 黑叢叢／黑丛丛
References
- “叢”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00479
Japanese
Kanji
叢
Readings
- Go-on: ず (zu)
- Kan-on: そう (sō)
- Kan’yō-on: ぞう (zō)
- Kun: くさむら (kusamura, 叢)、むらがる (muragaru, 叢がる)、むら (mura)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 叢 |
| くさむら Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 叢 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 叢, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Hanja
叢 (eum 총 (chong))
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Vietnamese
Han character
叢: Hán Nôm readings: tòng, tùng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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