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Stroke order | |||
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吉 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 土口 (GR), four-corner 40601, composition ⿱士口)
simp. and trad. |
吉 | |
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alternative forms | 𠮷 |
Historical forms of the character 吉 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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秸 | *kriːl, *kriːd |
髻 | *kiːds |
夡 | *kʰids |
鴶 | *kriːd |
袺 | *kriːd, *kiːd |
頡 | *kriːd, *ɡiːd |
劼 | *kʰriːd |
硈 | *kʰriːd |
咭 | *kʰriːd, *ɡlid, *qʰlid |
黠 | *ɡriːd |
聐 | *ŋreːd |
趌 | *ked, *klid, *kʰid, *ɡrid |
結 | *kiːd |
拮 | *kiːd, *klid |
桔 | *kiːd |
狤 | *kiːd, *klid, *ɡrid |
擷 | *qʰiːd, *ɡiːd |
襭 | *ɡiːd |
翓 | *ɡiːd |
纈 | *ɡiːd |
吉 | *klid |
郆 | *kid |
詰 | *kʰid |
蛣 | *kʰid |
佶 | *ɡlid, *ɡrid |
鮚 | *ɡrid |
姞 | *ɡrid |
欯 | *qʰlid |
恄 | *qʰlid |
Ideogram (指事) derived from axe 士 and a distinguishing mark 口
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kjit (“happy; pleased”) (STEDT). Also compare Tibetan སྐྱིད་པ (skyid pa, “to be happy”) and Burmese ချစ် (hkyac, “to love, to be pleased”) (Schuessler, 2007, Hill, 2019).
Cantonese sense of “empty” arises from avoidance of 空 (hung1), which is homophonous to 凶 (hung1, “inauspicious”).
The Taiwanese Chinese sense of “to sue” arises from avoidance of 告 (gào, “to sue”), which is a typo form of it.
Variety | Location | 吉 |
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Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕi³⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕi²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕi²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕji⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕi⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕi¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕie³¹/ /t͡ɕi³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕi²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕi³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡ɕai²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕi⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kit̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /kit̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɐt̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /kɐt̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /kɐt̚⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kit̚³²/ /kiat̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kɛiʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ki²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kik̚²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /kit̚⁵/ |
吉
Variety | Location | Words |
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Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 空 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 空 |
Taiwan | 空 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 空 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 空 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 空 |
Wuhan | 空 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 空 |
Hefei | 空 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 空, 吉 |
Hong Kong | 空, 吉 | |
Taishan | 空 | |
Yangjiang | 空 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 空 |
Hakka | Meixian | 空 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 空 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 空 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 空 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 空 |
Quanzhou | 空 | |
Zhangzhou | 空 | |
Tainan | 空 | |
Chaozhou | 空 | |
Jieyang | 空 | |
Wu | Suzhou | 空 |
Wenzhou | 空 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 空 |
Shuangfeng | 空 |
Kanji in this term |
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吉 |
きち Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Kanji in this term |
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吉 |
きつ Grade: S |
on'yomi |
吉: Hán Việt readings: cát[1][2][3][4][5][6]
吉: Nôm readings: kiết[1][2]