吟
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See also: 呤
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Translingual
Han character
吟 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口人戈弓 (ROIN), four-corner 68027, composition ⿰口今)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3330
- Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 591, character 10
- Unihan data for U+541F
Chinese
| trad. | 吟 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 吟 | |
| alternative forms | 唫 訡 噖 䪩 㕂 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 吟 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
| 嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
| 僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
| 酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
| 馠 | *qʰɯːm |
| 谽 | *qʰɯːm |
| 唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
| 含 | *ɡɯːm |
| 肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 筨 | *ɡɯːm |
| 梒 | *ɡɯːm |
| 鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
| 莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
| 琀 | *ɡɯːms |
| 浛 | *ɡɯːms |
| 盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
| 韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
| 玪 | *krɯːm |
| 妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
| 欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
| 黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 鈐 | *ɡram |
| 鳹 | *ɡram |
| 雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 念 | *nɯːms |
| 梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
| 枔 | *sɢrɯm |
| 岑 | *sɡrɯm |
| 笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
| 涔 | *sɡrɯm |
| 侺 | *ɡjɯms |
| 今 | *krɯm |
| 黅 | *krɯm |
| 衿 | *krɯm |
| 衾 | *kʰrɯm |
| 坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
| 搇 | *kʰrɯms |
| 琴 | *ɡrɯm |
| 禽 | *ɡrɯm |
| 芩 | *ɡrɯm |
| 庈 | *ɡrɯm |
| 耹 | *ɡrɯm |
| 靲 | *ɡrɯm |
| 擒 | *ɡrɯm |
| 檎 | *ɡrɯm |
| 紟 | *ɡrɯms |
| 吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
| 訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
| 陰 | *qrɯm |
| 霠 | |
| 飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
| 蔭 | *qrɯms |
| 廕 | *qrɯms |
| 矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms) : semantic 口 + phonetic 今 (OC *krɯm).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jam4 / ngam4
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): ngěng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngìng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gnin
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yín
- Wade–Giles: yin2
- Yale: yín
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yn
- Palladius: инь (inʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /in³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jam4 / ngam4
- Yale: yàhm / ngàhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: jam4 / ngam4
- Guangdong Romanization: yem4 / ngem4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐm²¹/, /ŋɐm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngìm
- Hakka Romanization System: ngimˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngim2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋim¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngěng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋeiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngìng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋiŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: ngim, ngimH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-qʰ(r)m/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋɡrɯm/, /*ŋɡrɯms/
Definitions
吟
Compounds
- 低吟 (dīyín)
- 匣裡龍吟 / 匣里龙吟
- 叉手吟
- 吟吟沉沉
- 吟味 (yínwèi)
- 吟哦 (yín'é)
- 吟唱 (yínchàng)
- 吟嘯 / 吟啸
- 吟壇 / 吟坛
- 吟沉
- 吟猱
- 吟社
- 吟籟 / 吟籁
- 吟蛩
- 吟詠 / 吟咏 (yínyǒng)
- 吟詠性情 / 吟咏性情
- 吟詠情性 / 吟咏情性
- 吟詩 / 吟诗 (yínshī)
- 吟詩作對 / 吟诗作对 (yínshī zuò duì)
- 吟誦 / 吟诵 (yínsòng)
- 吟遊詩人 / 吟游诗人 (yínyóushīrén)
- 吟風弄月 / 吟风弄月
- 吟風詠月 / 吟风咏月
- 呻吟 (shēnyín)
- 哀吟
- 噤吟
- 擁鼻吟 / 拥鼻吟
- 梁父吟
- 歌吟
- 沉吟 (chényín)
- 沉吟章句
- 清吟小班
- 清謳微吟 / 清讴微吟
- 無病呻吟 / 无病呻吟 (wúbìngshēnyín)
- 狂吟老監 / 狂吟老监
- 獨吟 / 独吟
- 白頭吟 / 白头吟
- 笑吟吟 (xiàoyínyín)
- 莊舄越吟 / 庄舄越吟
- 虎嘯龍吟 / 虎啸龙吟
- 蛙鼓蟲吟 / 蛙鼓虫吟
- 行吟
- 行吟坐詠 / 行吟坐咏
- 謳吟 / 讴吟
- 返吟復吟 / 返吟复吟
- 遊子吟 / 游子吟
- 長吟 / 长吟
- 龍吟 / 龙吟
- 龍吟虎嘯 / 龙吟虎啸
References
- “吟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
吟
Readings
- Go-on: ごん (gon)←ごん (gon, historical)←ごむ (gomu, ancient)
- Kan-on: ぎん (gin, Jōyō)←ぎん (gin, historical)←ぎむ (gimu, ancient)
- On: きん (kin)、こん (kon)
- Kun: うたう (utau, 吟う)←うたふ (utafu, 吟ふ, historical)、なく (naku, 吟く)、ぎんじる (ginjiru, 吟じる)
Korean
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
- Phonetic hangul:
Hanja
吟 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Tày
Han character
吟 (transliteration needed)
References
- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
Han character
吟: Hán Việt readings: ngâm (
吟: Nôm readings: ngẫm[1][2][3][4], ngậm[1][2][3][4], ngâm[1][2][3], cầm[1][2], ngắm[1][3], gầm[1][3], gặm[3][4], gẫm[3][4], ngăm[3][4], ngăn[3][4], câm[1], căm[1], cằm[1], ngầm[1], ngẩm[3], ngợm[3]