堡

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堡 U+5821, 堡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5821
← 堠
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 堢 →

Translingual

Han character

堡 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人木土 (ODG), four-corner 26104, composition ⿱保土)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 233, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5254
  • Dae Jaweon: page 470, character 31
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 464, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+5821

Chinese

trad. 堡
simp. # 堡
alternative forms 㙅
堢
𡋠
𪧕
葆

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (保) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
襃 *puː, *puː
保 *puːʔ
堡 *puːʔ
褓 *puːʔ
堢 *puːʔ
緥 *puːʔ
葆 *puːʔ
賲 *puːʔ
宲 *puːʔ
椺 *ɦmluːʔ, *ɢʷeːɡs, *ɢeːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *puːʔ) : phonetic 保 (OC *puːʔ) + semantic 土.

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 堡
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 博抱切
Baxter pawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pawX/
Li
Rong 		/pɑuX/
Wang
Li 		/pɑuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bou2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 堡
Reading # 1/1
No. 319
Phonetic
component 		保
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		寶
Old
Chinese 		/*puːʔ/
Notes 同堢，古作保

Definitions

堡

  1. small camp; small mud fortification
  2. fort; fortress
  3. Short for 漢堡／汉堡 (hànbǎo, “hamburger”).
    雞腿堡／鸡腿堡  ―  jītuǐ bǎo  ―  chicken sandwich
Usage notes

Often used in phono-semantic matchings to translate English and German -burg, or English -burgh, etc.
Some place names or surnames with the component Berg are also translated with 堡, but this is a result of confusion between Burg and Berg, with the latter meaning "mountain" instead of "castle". Nowadays Berg is usually transliterated as 貝格／贝格 or 伯格, except in a few examples such as 紐倫堡／纽伦堡 (Niǔlúnbǎo, “Nuremberg”), 海德堡 (Hǎidébǎo, “Heidelberg”), and 海森堡 (Hǎisēnbǎo, “Heisenberg”).

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

堡

  1. (often in placenames) town or village with walls
    吳堡／吴堡  ―  Wúbǔ  ―  Wubu (county of Yulin, Shaanxi, China)

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

堡

  1. Used in place names, as a variant of 鋪／铺／舖 (pù, “courier station”).

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

堡

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

  • Go-on: ほ (ho)
  • Kan-on: ほう (hō)
  • Kun: とりで (toride)

Korean

Hanja

堡 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

堡: Hán Nôm readings: bảo

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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