塩

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See also: 𥂁, 鹽, and 盐
塩 U+5869, 塩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5869
← 塨
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 塪 →

Translingual

Traditional 鹽
Shinjitai 塩
Simplified 盐

Han character

塩 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土人口廿 (GORT), composition ⿰土𬐚)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 236, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5382
  • Dae Jaweon: page 474, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 1, page 472, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+5869

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 塩 – see 鹽 (“salt; salty substance, especially table salt; salt; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 鹽).

Japanese

Shinjitai

塩

Kyūjitai

鹽

Glyph origin

Japanese shinjitai simplified from 鹽 (臣 → 土 and 鹵 → 口). In the 1946 Tōyō kanji list.

Kanji

塩

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 鹽)

Readings

  • Go-on: えん (en, Jōyō)←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)
  • Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)
  • Kun: しお (shio, 塩, Jōyō)←しほ (sifo, 塩, historical)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
塩
しお
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
鹽 (kyūjitai)
塩 (shio): a close-up picture of salt crystals.
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

⟨sipo⟩ → /ɕiɸo/ → /ɕiwo/ → /ɕio/

From Old Japanese, cited in the Kojiki of 712 CE. The Old Japanese term is cognate to Ainu シㇷ゚ポ (sippo) and Ainu シㇱポ (sispo).

Cognate with 潮 (shio, “ tide”).

The medial consonant had already lenited to /w/ by 1603, as recorded in the Nippo Jisho.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) しお (Odaka – )
  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

塩(しお) • (shio) ←しほ (sifo)?

  1. salt
    塩(しお)の結(けっ)晶(しょう)
    shio no kesshō
    salt crystal
  2. saltiness
    Synonym: 塩気 (shioke)
  3. (by extension, colloquial) hardship, toil, trouble
  4. (colloquial) a hoarse voice
  5. (colloquial) short for 塩屋 (shioya): a salter
Derived terms
Descendants
  • → Ainu: シㇷ゚ポ
  • → Ainu: シㇱポ

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
塩
えん
Grade: 4
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
鹽 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 鹽 (MC yem, “salt”) and 鹽 (MC yemH, “to salt; salting”).

Pronunciation

Affix

塩(えん) • (en) 

  1. salt
  2. to salt; salting
  3. (chemistry) salt
  4. (chemistry) short for 塩素 (enso): chlorine
Derived terms

Noun

塩(えん) • (en) 

  1. (chemistry) a salt (substance mostly made in neutralization, such as sodium chloride)
Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Ishizuka, Harumichi (1976 ) 日葡辞書: パリ本 ‎ (overall work in Japanese and Portuguese), Tōkyō: Bensei Publishing, entry visible here as the third entry below the yellow-highlighted term on the left
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  5. ^ Vovin, Alexander V. (1993) Leiden: E.J. Brill, editors, A Reconstruction of Proto-Ainu.
  6. ^ Vovin, Alexander V. (1993) Leiden: E.J. Brill, editors, A Reconstruction of Proto-Ainu.
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