壟

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See also: 垄
壟 U+58DF, 壟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58DF
← 壞
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 壠 →
壟 U+F942, 壟
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F942
← 論
 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 弄 →

Translingual

Han character

壟 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+16, 19 strokes, cangjie input 卜心土 (YPG), four-corner 01104, composition ⿱龍土)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 242, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5591
  • Dae Jaweon: page 482, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 500, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+58DF

Chinese

trad. 壟
simp. 垄
alternative forms 壠／垅

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (龍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
驡 *ʔslaːŋʔ, *roŋ
龐 *broːŋ
瀧 *rroːŋ, *sroːŋ, *roːŋ
籠 *roːŋ, *roːŋʔ, *roŋ
豅 *roːŋ
朧 *roːŋ, *roŋs
龓 *roːŋ, *roːŋʔ
聾 *roːŋ
礱 *roːŋ, *roːŋs
嚨 *roːŋ
蘢 *roːŋ, *roŋ
櫳 *roːŋ
襱 *roːŋ, *roːŋʔ, *r'oŋʔ
瓏 *roːŋ
曨 *roːŋ, *roːŋʔ
鸗 *roːŋ, *roŋ
蠪 *roːŋ
巃 *roːŋʔ
竉 *roːŋʔ
攏 *roːŋʔ
儱 *roːŋʔ, *roŋs
龍 *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ
躘 *roŋ, *roŋs
隴 *roŋʔ
壠 *roŋʔ
壟 *roŋʔ
寵 *r̥ʰoŋʔ
龏 *kloŋ, *kloŋs, *qroːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roŋʔ) : phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ) + semantic 土 (“earth”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • liung1 - vernacular;
  • lung3 - literary.
Note:
  • lióng - literary;
  • lěng/lēng - vernacular;
  • lóng - vernacular (俗).
    Rime
    Character 壟
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 力踵切
    Baxter ljowngX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lɨoŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lioŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/lioŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/luawŋX/
    Li
    Rong         		/lioŋX/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭwoŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li̯woŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lǒng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lung5
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 壟
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8444
    Phonetic
    component         		龍
    Rime
    group         		東
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		隴
    Old
    Chinese         		/*roŋʔ/
    Notes 壠注或體見方言

    Definitions

    壟

    1. grave; mound
    2. raised path between fields
    3. ridge

    Compounds

    Japanese

    Kanji

    壟

    (Hyōgai kanji)

    1. mound
    2. grave
    3. rice field dike

    Readings

    • Go-on: る (ru)
    • Kan-on: りょう (ryō)
    • Kan’yō-on: ろう (rō)
    • Kun: うね (une, 壟)、おか (oka, 壟)、つか (tsuka, 壟)

    Korean

    Hanja

    壟 • (rong) (hangeul 롱, revised rong, McCune–Reischauer rong)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    壟: Hán Nôm readings: lũng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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