夬

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夬 U+592C, 夬
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592C
← 夫
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 夭 →

Translingual

Han character

夬 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 木大 (DK), four-corner 50037, composition ⿻𠃍大 or ⿻ユ人)

  1. parted
  2. fork
  3. certain
  4. 43rd hexagram of the I Ching

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 249, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5836
  • Dae Jaweon: page 507, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 51, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+592C

Chinese

trad. 夬
simp. # 夬
alternative forms 叏

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 夬
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (夬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
袂 *mɡʷeds
夬 *kʷraːds
快 *kʰʷraːds
駃 *kʰʷraːds, *kʷeːd
筷 *kʰʷraːds
炔 *kʷeːds
觖 *kʰʷeds, *kʷeːd
缺 *kʰʷed, *kʰʷeːd
蒛 *kʰʷed
吷 *qʰʷed
妜 *qʷed, *qʷeːd
決 *kʷeːd, *qʰʷeːd
訣 *kʷeːd
抉 *kʷeːd, *qʷeːd
玦 *kʷeːd
芵 *kʷeːd
赽 *kʷeːd
鴂 *kʷeːd
鈌 *kʷeːd
决 *kʷeːd
疦 *kʷeːd, *qʰʷeːd
蚗 *kʷeːd
趹 *kʷeːd

Pictogram (象形) — a hand wearing an archer's thumb ring (Li Xueqing, 2012).

Etymology 1

Hexagram 43, formed of ☱ over ☰

Possibly related to Burmese ကွဲ (kwai:, “to be separated, burst”).[1]

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 夬
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 夬 (30)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古賣切
Baxter kwaejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠuaiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʷᵚaiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kuaiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kwaɨjsH/
Li
Rong 		/kuaiH/
Wang
Li 		/kwæiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kwaiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		guài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gwaai3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 夬
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		guài
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kwæjH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʷˁret-s/
English divide, make a breach

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 夬
Reading # 1/1
No. 4406
Phonetic
component 		夬
Rime
group 		祭
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		卦
Old
Chinese 		/*kʷraːds/
Notes 本抉指初文

Definitions

夬

  1. resolute
  2. 43rd hexagram of the I Ching

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 夬 – see 決 (“to dredge; to dig; to burst; to break; to breach; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 決).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 夬 – see 缺 (“incomplete; uncompleted; deficient; imperfect; flawed; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 缺).
Notes:

References

  1. ^ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-WAY Finals (9. Split; to Split; Half)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 22

Japanese

Kanji

夬

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

  • Go-on: け (ke)、けち (kechi)
  • Kan-on: かい (kai)、けつ (ketsu)
  • Kun: わける (wakeru, 夬ける)、きめる (kimeru)、ゆがけ (yugake)

Korean

Hanja

夬 • (kwae) (hangeul 쾌, revised kwae, McCune–Reischauer k'wae)

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Vietnamese

Han character

夬: Hán Nôm readings: quái

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References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia