夭
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Translingual
Han character
夭 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹大 (HK), four-corner 20430, composition ⿱丿大)
Derived characters
- 仸, 㓇, 㕭, 妖, 岆, 㤇, 扷, 沃, 枖, 殀, 祅, 矨, 秗, 袄, 訞(𫍚), 跃, 镺, 𨥜(𬬴), 飫(饫), 鴁
- 呑, 岙, 忝, 喬(乔), 鴌, 宎, 芺, 穾, 笑, 𮐔, 䴠
- 忝 (Exception: Only for Japanese character. Other regions contain 天 instead.)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 249, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5838
- Dae Jaweon: page 507, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 523, character 2
- Unihan data for U+592D
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
夭 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 夭 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogram (指事) – a figure leaning forward, presumably running, hence energetic, young. See also the top component of the Kangxi radical 走.
Etymology
Coblin (1986) (apud Schuessler, 2007) considers it cognate to Tibetan ཡོ་བ (yo ba, “oblique, aslant”), གཡོ་བ (g.yo ba, “tilt”), གཡོས (g.yos); if so, probably of Sino-Tibetan origin. However, the medials do not agree, as the expected Middle Chinese reflex should be in division IV, not III-B (Schuessler, 2007). Compare also Mizo eu (“to bend backwards”) (ibid.).
Possibly related to 委 (OC *qrolʔ, “to bend”) (e.g. in Chuci ) (ibid.).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yao
- Wade–Giles: yao1
- Yale: yāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iau
- Palladius: яо (jao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jiu1 / jiu2
- Yale: yīu / yíu
- Cantonese Pinyin: jiu1 / jiu2
- Guangdong Romanization: yiu1 / yiu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːu̯⁵⁵/, /jiːu̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yêu
- Hakka Romanization System: ieuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yeu1
- Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yêu
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yeu1
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯²⁴/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Southern Min
Note:
- iau - literary;
- iáu - vernacular (俗).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: iao1 / iou1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iau / iou
- Sinological IPA (key): /iau³³/, /iou³³/
Note:
- iao1 - Shantou;
- iou1 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: 'jewX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qrowʔ/
Definitions
夭
References
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yao
- Wade–Giles: yao1
- Yale: yāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iau
- Palladius: яо (jao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jiu1 / jiu2
- Yale: yīu / yíu
- Cantonese Pinyin: jiu1 / jiu2
- Guangdong Romanization: yiu1 / yiu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːu̯⁵⁵/, /jiːu̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
Note:
- iau - literary;
- iáu - vernacular (俗).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: iou1 / iao1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iou / iau
- Sinological IPA (key): /iou³³/, /iau³³/
- Middle Chinese: 'jew
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*(r)aw/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qrow/
Definitions
夭
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ǎo
- Wade–Giles: ao3
- Yale: ǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ao
- Palladius: ао (ao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: 'awX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qoːwʔ/
Definitions
夭
Pronunciation 4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wò
- Wade–Giles: wo4
- Yale: wò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woh
- Palladius: во (vo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
夭
- name of an ancient place
Pronunciation 5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄞ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wai
- Wade–Giles: wai1
- Yale: wāi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uai
- Palladius: вай (vaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /waɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
夭
- Only used in 夭斜.
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
夭
Readings
- Go-on: よう (yō)←えう (eu, historical)
- Kan-on: よう (yō)←えう (eu, historical)
- Kun: わかい (wakai, 夭い)、わざわい (wazawai)、わかじに (wakajini)
Korean
Hanja
夭 • (yo, o) (hangeul 요, 오, revised yo, o, McCune–Reischauer yo, o, Yale yo, o)
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Vietnamese
Han character
夭: Hán Nôm readings: yểu, eo, ỉu, yếu, èo, yêu
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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