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失. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
失, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
失 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
失 you have here. The definition of the word
失 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
失, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
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Han character
失 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹手人 (HQO), four-corner 25030, composition ⿰丿夫 or ⿻𠂉大)
Derived characters
- 秩 帙
- 鉄 铁 (in simplified form)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 249, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5844
- Dae Jaweon: page 508, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 525, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5931
Chinese
Glyph origin
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Old Chinese
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眣
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*ʔr'aːd, *l'iːɡ, *l̥ʰiɡ
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蛈
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*l̥ʰiːɡ
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迭
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*l'iːɡ
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跌
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*l'iːɡ
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瓞
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*l'iːɡ
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昳
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*l'iːɡ
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胅
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*l'iːɡ
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軼
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*l'iːɡ, *liɡ
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苵
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*l'iːɡ
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镻
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*l'iːɡ
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詄
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*l'iːɡ
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泆
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*l'iːɡ, *liɡ
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趃
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*l'iːɡ
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柣
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*sl̥ʰiːɡ, *l'iɡ
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抶
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*l̥ʰiɡ
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秩
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*l'iɡ
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帙
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*l'iɡ
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紩
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*l'iɡ
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袠
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*l'iɡ
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翐
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*l'iɡ
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妷
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*l'iɡ
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失
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*hliɡ
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佚
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*liɡ
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劮
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*liɡ
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Pictogram (象形) depicting a footprint of someone that has fallen surrounded by drops of blood (Ji Xusheng, 2004).
Alternatively, according to Shuowen, Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 手 + 乙 — something falling from a hand (手). However, the original form doesn't show any hand.
Etymology
Cognate with 佚 (OC *liɡ, “to escape; to lose”), 逸 (OC *lid, “to escape; at ease”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Cogtse Situ (ka-ʃlə̂k, “to fall (from hand)”), Japhug ɕlɯɣ (“to fall; to slip”) (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).
Note also Thai เล็ดลอด (lét-lɔ̂ɔt, “to sneak; to escape by stealth”) (Manomaivibool, 1975).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): shī (shi1)
- (Zhuyin): ㄕ
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шы (šɨ, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sat1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): sit2
- Gan (Wiktionary): siit6
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): sṳt
- (Meixian, Guangdong): sed5
- Jin (Wiktionary): seh4
- Northern Min (KCR): sĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): sék
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): sit / set / sek
- (Teochew, Peng'im): sig4 / sêg4
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7seq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): she6 / shr6
Note: sêg4 - Jieyang.
Note:
- she6 - vernacular;
- shr6 - literary.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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失
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Reading #
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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shī
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Middle Chinese
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‹ syit ›
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Old Chinese
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/*l̥i/
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English
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lose
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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失
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Reading #
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1/1
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No.
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11426
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Phonetic component
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失
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Rime group
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質
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Rime subdivision
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2
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Corresponding MC rime
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失
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Old Chinese
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/*hliɡ/
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Definitions
失
- to lose; to lose track of; to mislay
- to fail; to not succeed
- to breach; to violate
- to neglect; to miss
- mistake; fault; wrongdoing
- 75th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "failure" (𝍐)
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
Definitions
失
- Alternative form of 逸 (yì, “to flee; to run away”)
- Alternative form of 佚 (“to ignore; indulgent”)
Japanese
Kanji
失
(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
- mistake, disadvantage
- loss, lose
Readings
Korean
Hanja
失 (eumhun 잃을 실 (ireul sil))
- hanja form? of 실 (“loss”)
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
失: Hán Nôm readings: thất, thắt
Verb
失 • (thất)
- chữ Hán form of thất.
- to lose something
- to make a mistake; to blunder; to contravene; to infringe; to violate
- to miss