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U+5B5D, 孝
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B5D

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 39, +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十大弓木 (JKND), four-corner 44407, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 278, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6952
  • Dae Jaweon: page 546, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1011, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5B5D

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • (Cantonese)
  • hàu (Southern Min)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : (an old man with long hair, bent over) + (a child) – an old man and a child, filial piety between generations. Compare top component to (OC *ruːʔ, “old”).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • háu - literary;
  • há - vernacular.
Note:
  • hàu - literary;
  • hà - vernacular.
Note:
  • hao3 - literary;
  • ha3 - vernacular.
Note:
  • 2hau - vernacular;
  • 2xiau - literary.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /ɕiɑu⁵¹/
    Harbin /ɕiau⁵³/
    Tianjin /ɕiɑu⁵³/
    Jinan /ɕiɔ²¹/
    Qingdao /ɕiɔ⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ɕiau³¹²/
    Xi'an /ɕiau⁴⁴/
    Xining /ɕiɔ²¹³/
    Yinchuan /ɕiɔ¹³/
    Lanzhou /ɕiɔ¹³/
    Ürümqi /ɕiɔ²¹³/
    Wuhan /ɕiau³⁵/
    Chengdu /ɕiau¹³/
    Guiyang /ɕiao²¹³/
    Kunming /ɕiɔ²¹²/
    Nanjing /ɕiɔo⁴⁴/
    Hefei /ɕiɔ⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /ɕiau⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /ɕiɔ³⁵/
    /xɔ³⁵/ ~帽子
    Hohhot /ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /hɔ³⁵/
    /ɕiɔ³⁵/
    Suzhou /ɕiæ⁵¹³/
    Hangzhou /ɕiɔ⁴⁴⁵/
    Wenzhou /huɔ⁴²/
    Hui Shexian /ɕiɔ³²⁴/
    /xɔ³²⁴/
    Tunxi /xo¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ɕiau⁵⁵/
    /xau⁵⁵/ ~帽子
    Xiangtan /ɕiaɯ⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /hɑu²¹³/
    Hakka Meixian /hau⁵³/
    Taoyuan /hɑu⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /hau³³/
    Nanning /hau³³/
    Hong Kong /hau³³/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hau²¹/
    /ha²¹/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hɑu²¹²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xau³³/
    Shantou (Teochew) /hau²¹³/
    /ha²¹³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /hiau³⁵/
    /ha³⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (32)
    Final () (90)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () II
    Fanqie
    Baxter xaewH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /hˠauH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /hᵚauH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /xauH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /haɨwH/
    Li
    Rong
    /xauH/
    Wang
    Li
    /xauH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /xauH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    xiào
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    haau3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    xiào
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ xæwH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qʰˁ<r>uʔ-s/
    English filial

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 13771
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qʰruːs/

    Definitions

    1. to do one's filial duty; to show filial piety
    2. filial piety; filial duty
    3. mourning
    4. mourning dress
    5. (Southern Min) to offer up sacrifices (to gods or ancestors)
    6. (Mainland China Hokkien) custom and etiquette to be observed after the death of one's seniors
    7. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar, derogatory) to eat
    8. a surname

    Synonyms

    • (to do one's filial duty):
    • (filial piety):

    Compounds

    Japanese

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja

    Kanji

    (Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

    Readings

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    こう
    Grade: 6
    kan'on

    From Middle Chinese (MC xaewH).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    (こう) (かう (kau)?

    1. filial piety

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    たかし
    Grade: 6
    nanori

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    (たかし) (Takashi

    1. a male given name

    References

    1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean

    Hanja

    (eumhun 효도 (hyodo hyo))

    1. hanja form? of (filial piety)

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Việt readings: hiếu[1][2][3]
    : Nôm readings: hiếu[1][2], héo[1], hếu[3]

    1. chữ Hán form of hiếu (filial piety).

    References