Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word
學 . In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
學 , but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
學 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
學 you have here. The definition of the word
學 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
學 , as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
Stroke order (alternative)
Han character
學 (Kangxi radical 39, 子 +13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹月弓木 (HBND ), four-corner 77407 , composition ⿱𦥯 子 )
Derived characters
Further reading
Kangxi Dictionary: page 280 , character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7033
Dae Jaweon: page 549, character 27
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1019, character 11
Unihan data for U+5B78
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
攪
*kruːʔ
覺
*kruːɡs, *kruːɡ
澩
*ɡruːʔ, *sɡruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ
斆
*ɡruːɡs
鱟
*ɡoːɡs, *quːɡ
嶨
*kʰruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ
礐
*kʰruːɡ, *ɡ·rɯːɡ, *ɡoːɡ, *ɡuːɡ
觷
*ŋɡruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ, *quːɡ
學
*ɡruːɡ
鷽
*ɡruːɡ, *qruːɡ
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意 ) : abbreviated 敎 ( “ to teach ” ) + 𦥑 ( “ mingling hands; hands-on learning ” ) + 宀 ( “ house; roofed building ” ) – a child learns in a roofed place. See 敎 / 教 for more.
In the modern form, 宀 has corrupted to 冖 (“cover”), and the hands 𦥑 around the 爻 have become connected with the roof 冖 on top of the child 子 . Ancient forms include 斆 and 斅 , which preserve more of 敎 . Shuowen regards 𦥑 as the phonetic component in the character, which may be true according to some Old Chinese reconstructions such as that of Pan Wuyun 's, though probably not others.
The earliest oracle bone script forms may be a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *ɡruːɡ ) : semantic 爻 + phonetic 六 ( OC *ruɡ) .
Etymology 1
May be an endopassive derivation of 覺 (OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ , “to awake , get insight ”). Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kruk ( “ to rouse ; to awaken ; to disturb ” ) .
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : xué , xiáo (xue2 , xiao2 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄒㄩㄝˊ, ㄒㄧㄠˊ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : xuo2
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : щүә (xüə, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : hok6
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : hok5
Gan (Wiktionary ) : hoh7
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : ho̍k
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : hog6
Jin (Wiktionary ) : xyeh5
Northern Min (KCR ) : ò̤ / hă
Eastern Min (BUC ) : ŏ̤h / hŏk
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : o̍h / ha̍k
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : oh8 / hag8
Wu (Northern , Wugniu ) : 8 ghoq; 8 yaq / 8 ghoq; 8 yoq
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : xio6
Note :
ò̤ - vernacular;
hă - literary.
Note :
ŏ̤h - vernacular;
hŏk - literary.
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , Jinjiang , Zhangpu , General Taiwanese )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , Jinjiang , Zhangpu , General Taiwanese )
Note :
o̍h - vernacular;
ha̍k - literary.
Note :
oh8 - vernacular;
hag8 - literary.
Note :
8 ghoq - vernacular;
8 yaq (Shanghainese), 8 yoq (Suzhounese) - literary.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
學
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
xué
Middle Chinese
‹ hæwk ›
Old Chinese
/*m-kˁruk/
English
study; imitate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
學
Reading #
1/1
No.
14079
Phonetic component
學
Rime group
覺
Rime subdivision
1
Corresponding MC rime
學
Old Chinese
/*ɡruːɡ/
Notes
甲 文 象 習 持 爻 於 膝 前 ,金 文 方 加 子
Definitions
學
† to comprehend ; to realise ; to understand
( transitive ) to learn ; to study
學 習/ 学 习 ― xué xí ― to study; to learn
我 打算 學 攝影 。/ 我 打算 学 摄影 。 ― Wǒ dǎsuàn xué shèyǐng. ― I plan to learn photography.
我 父母親 希望 我 學 醫 ,但是 我 不 願意 。 [MSC , trad. ] 我 父母亲 希望 我 学 医 ,但是 我 不 愿意 。 [MSC , simp. ] Wǒ fùmǔqīn xīwàng wǒ xué yī, dànshì wǒ bù yuànyì. My parents hoped I would study medicine, but I didn't want to.
老師 叫 極 佢 都 唔 肯 學 講 唔該 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 老师 叫 极 佢 都 唔 肯 学 讲 唔该 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] lou5 si1 giu3 gik6 keoi5 dou1 m4 hang2 hok6 gong2 m4 goi1 . He refuses to learn to say thank you, even though his teacher asked him many times.
to imitate ; to copy ; to mimic
鸚鵡 學 人 語 。/ 鹦鹉 学 人 语 。 ― Yīngwǔ xué rén yǔ. ― Parrots imitate human speech.
我 妹妹 什麼 都 學 我 。 [MSC , trad. ] 我 妹妹 什么 都 学 我 。 [MSC , simp. ] Wǒ mèimèi shénme dōu xué wǒ. My little sister likes to copy everything I do.
學 人哋 用 叉 食飯 [Cantonese , trad. ] 学 人哋 用 叉 食饭 [Cantonese , simp. ] hok6 jan4 dei6 jung6 caa1 sik6 faan6 imitate others and use a fork to eat
school
上學 / 上学 ― shàngxué ― to go to school
小學 / 小学 ― xiǎoxué ― primary school
學 費/ 学 费 ― xué fèi ― school fees
learning ; knowledge
求學 / 求学 ― qiúxué ― to seek knowledge
才疏學 淺 / 才疏学 浅 ― cáishūxué qiǎn ― to be of humble talent and shallow learning
theory ; doctrine
儒學 / 儒学 ― rúxué ― Confucianism
subject ; branch of learning ; science ; -ology
化學 / 化学 ― huàxué ― chemistry
生物學 / 生物学 ― shēngwùxué ― biology
哲學 / 哲学 ― zhéxué ― philosophy
( Cantonese ) like ; as
學 佢 話齋 / 学 佢 话斋 [Cantonese ] ― hok6 keoi5 waa6 zaai1 ― as he said
Synonyms
學習 / 学习 (xuéxí , “to study, to learn”)
讀書 / 读书 (dúshū , “to study”)
念書 / 念书 (niànshū , “(colloquial ) to study”)
Compounds
Descendants
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Definitions
學
( obsolete ) Alternative form of 斆 / 敩 ( xiào , “ to teach ; to instruct ; to train ” )
魯 人 有 因 子 墨子 而 學 其 子 者 ,其 子 戰 而 死 ,其 父 讓 子 墨子 。子 墨子 曰 :「子 欲 學 子 之 子 ,今 學成 矣 ,戰 而 死 ,而 子 慍 。」 [Classical Chinese , trad. ] 鲁 人 有 因 子 墨子 而 学 其 子 者 ,其 子 战 而 死 ,其 父 让 子 墨子 。子 墨子 曰 :「子 欲 学 子 之 子 ,今 学成 矣 ,战 而 死 ,而 子 愠 。」 [Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: Mozi , c. 4th century BCE , translated based on Y. P. Mei 's versionLǔ rén yǒu yīn Zǐ Mòzǐ ér xiào qí zǐ zhě, qí zǐ zhàn ér sǐ, qí fù ràng Zǐ Mòzǐ. Zǐ Mòzǐ yuē: “Zǐ yù xiào zǐ zhī zǐ, jīn xuéchéng yǐ, zhàn ér sǐ, ér zǐ yùn.” There was a man in Lu who sent his son to Mozi to study . The son perished in a battle. The father blamed Mozi for it. Mozi said: "You wanted to have your son trained . Now he had completed his training and died in battle. And you become sore."
凡 學 世子 及 學 士 ,必 時 。 [Classical Chinese , trad. ] 凡 学 世子 及 学 士 ,必 时 。 [Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: The Book of Rites , c. 4th – 2nd century BCE , translated based on James Legge 's versionFán xiào shìzǐ jí xiào shì, bì shí. In teaching the heir-sons and young men, the subjects were different at different seasons.
《兌 命 》曰 :「學 學半 。」 [Classical Chinese , trad. ] 《兑 命 》曰 :「学 学半 。」 [Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: The Book of Rites , c. 4th – 2nd century BCE , translated based on James Legge 's version“Yuèmìng” yuē: “Xiào xué bàn.” It is said in the Charge to Yue , "Teaching is the half of learning."
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Definitions
學
Used in 學鳩 / 学鸠 .
References
Japanese
Kanji
學
(Hyōgai kanji , kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 学 )
Kyūjitai form of 学
learning, knowledge, school
Readings
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 學 (MC haewk ).
Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun , 1448
ᅘᅡᆨ〮 (Yale : hhák )
Middle Korean
Text
Eumhun
Gloss (hun )
Reading
Hunmong Jahoe , 1527
ᄇᆡ홀 (Yale : poyhwol )
ᄒᆞᆨ (Yale : hok )
Pronunciation
Hanja
Wikisource
學 (eumhun 배울 학 ( bae'ul hak ) )
hanja form? of 학 ( “ to learn , to study ; to be taught ” )
hanja form? of 학 ( “ -logy , -ics , -graphy , study of...” )
Compounds
Compounds
학계 (學界 , hakgye )
학과 (學科 , hakgwa )
학과 (學課 , hakgwa )
학교 (學校 , hakgyo , “school ”)
학구 (學區 , hakgu )
학구 (學究 , hakgu )
학급 (學級 , hakgeup , “class ”)
학기 (學期 , hakgi , “semester , term ”)
학년 (學年 , hangnyeon , “school year ”)
학당 (學堂 , hakdang )
학덕 (學德 , hakdeok )
학도 (學徒 , hakdo )
학력 (學力 , hangnyeok , “scholastic ability”)
학력 (學歷 , hangnyeok , “academic background”)
학령 (學齡 , hangnyeong )
학명 (學名 , hangmyeong , “scientific name ”)
학문 (學問 , hangmun , “learning , knowledge ”)
학번 (學番 , hakbeon )
학벌 (學閥 , hakbeol )
학비 (學費 , hakbi )
학사 (學士 , haksa )
학생 (學生 , haksaeng , “student ”)
학설 (學說 , hakseol )
학술 (學術 , haksul )
학습 (學習 , hakseup )
학식 (學識 , haksik )
학업 (學業 , hageop )
학예 (學藝 , hagye )
학우 (學友 , hagu )
학원 (學園 , hagwon )
학원 (學院 , hagwon )
학위 (學位 , hagwi )
학자 (學者 , hakja )
학장 (學長 , hakjang )
학적 (學籍 , hakjeok )
학점 (學點 , hakjeom )
학제 (學制 , hakje )
학제 (學際 , hakje )
학파 (學派 , hakpa )
학행 (學行 , hakhaeng )
학회 (學會 , hakhoe )
가학 (家學 , gahak )
강학 (講學 , ganghak )
개학 (開學 , gaehak )
견학 (見學 , gyeonhak )
경학 (經學 , gyeonghak )
고학 (苦學 , gohak )
곡학 (曲學 , gokhak )
곤학 (困學 , gonhak )
공학 (共學 , gonghak )
공학 (工學 , gonghak , “engineering ”)
과학 (科學 , gwahak , “science ”)
광학 (光學 , gwanghak , “optics ”)
구학 (舊學 , guhak )
국학 (國學 , gukhak )
근학 (勤學 , geunhak )
농학 (農學 , nonghak , “agronomy ”)
대학 (大學 , daehak , “college , university ”)
도학 (道學 , dohak )
독학 (獨學 , dokhak )
독학 (篤學 , dokhak )
동학 (同學 , donghak )
면학 (勉學 , myeonhak )
몽학 (蒙學 , monghak )
무학 (無學 , muhak )
문학 (文學 , munhak , “literature ”)
미학 (美學 , mihak , “aesthetics ”)
박학 (博學 , bakhak )
박학 (薄學 , bakhak )
방학 (放學 , banghak , “school holiday ”)
법학 (法學 , beophak , “law (as a discipline)”)
보학 (譜學 , bohak )
부학 (膚學 , buhak )
사학 (史學 , sahak )
사학 (斯學 , sahak )
사학 (私學 , sahak )
사학 (邪學 , sahak )
산학 (算學 , sanhak )
선학 (禪學 , seonhak )
소학 (小學 , sohak )
수학 (修學 , suhak )
수학 (受學 , suhak )
수학 (數學 , suhak , “mathematics ”)
신학 (神學 , sinhak , “theology , divinity ”)
실학 (實學 , silhak )
야학 (夜學 , yahak )
약학 (藥學 , yakhak )
어학 (語學 , eohak , “linguistics ”)
역학 /력학 (力學 , yeokhak/ryeokhak )
예학 /례학 (禮學 , yehak/ryehak )
왕학 (王學 , wanghak )
유학 (儒學 , yuhak )
유학 /류학 (留學 , yuhak/ryuhak )
유학 (遊學 , yuhak )
의학 (醫學 , uihak )
이학 (理學 , ihak )
입학 (入學 , iphak )
잡학 (雜學 , japhak )
장학 (獎學 , janghak )
재학 (在學 , jaehak )
정학 (停學 , jeonghak )
중학 (中學 , junghak )
지학 (志學 , jihak )
진학 (進學 , jinhak )
천학 (淺學 , cheonhak )
철학 (哲學 , cheolhak )
축학 (竺學 , chukhak )
취학 (就學 , chwihak )
통학 (通學 , tonghak )
퇴학 (退學 , toehak )
폐학 (廢學 , pyehak )
한학 (漢學 , hanhak )
향학 (鄕學 , hyanghak )
현학 (玄學 , hyeonhak )
현학 (衒學 , hyeonhak )
호학 (好學 , hohak )
화학 (化學 , hwahak , “chemistry ”)
후학 (後學 , huhak )
휴학 (休學 , hyuhak )
학구적 (學究的 , hakgujeok )
학부모 (學父母 , hakbumo )
학생증 (學生證 , haksaengjeung )
학용품 (學用品 , hagyongpum )
장학금 (奬學金 , janghakgeum )
건축학 (建築學 , geonchukhak )
경제학 (經濟學 , gyeongjehak , “economics ”)
고고학 (考古學 , gogohak , “archaeology ”)
고증학 (考證學 , gojeunghak )
곤충학 (昆蟲學 , gonchunghak )
골상학 (骨相學 , golsanghak )
광화학 (光化學 , gwanghwahak )
금석학 (金石學 , geumseokhak )
기상학 (氣象學 , gisanghak )
기하학 (幾何學 , gihahak )
기후학 (氣候學 , gihuhak )
노인학 (老人學 , noinhak , “gerontology ”)
논리학 (論理學 , nollihak , “logic (as a discipline)”)
대수학 (代數學 , daesuhak , “algebra ”)
동물학 (動物學 , dongmulhak , “zoolology ”)
면역학 (免疫學 , myeonyeokhak )
물리학 (物理學 , mullihak , “physics ”)
미래학 (未來學 , miraehak , “futurology ”)
민속학 (民俗學 , minsokhak )
박물학 (博物學 , bangmulhak )
발생학 (發生學 , balsaenghak )
범죄학 (犯罪學 , beomjoehak )
병리학 (病理學 , byeongnihak )
분광학 (分光學 , bun'gwanghak )
분류학 (分類學 , bullyuhak )
사회학 (社會學 , sahoehak , “sociology ”)
생리학 (生理學 , saengnihak )
생물학 (生物學 , saengmulhak )
생태학 (生態學 , saengtaehak )
생화학 (生化學 , saenghwahak )
성리학 (性理學 , seongnihak )
수문학 (水文學 , sumunhak )
수사학 (洙泗學 , susahak )
순문학 (純文學 , sunmunhak )
식물학 (植物學 , singmulhak )
심리학 (心理學 , simnihak )
심미학 (審美學 , simmihak )
약리학 (藥理學 , yangnihak )
어원학 (語源學 , eowonhak )
언어학 (言語學 , eoneohak )
역사학 /력사학 (歷史學 , yeoksahak/ryeoksahak )
열역학 (熱力學 , yeoryeokhak )
우생학 (優生學 , usaenghak )
유전학 (遺傳學 , yujeonhak )
윤리학 (倫理學 , yullihak )
음성학 (音聲學 , eumseonghak )
인류학 (人類學 , illyuhak , “anthropology ”)
정역학 (靜力學 , jeong'yeokhak )
정주학 (程朱學 , jeongjuhak )
정치학 (政治學 , jeongchihak )
조직학 (組織學 , jojikhak )
중국학 (中國學 , junggukhak )
지리학 (地理學 , jirihak )
지문학 (地文學 , jimunhak )
지정학 (地政學 , jijeonghak )
지진학 (地震學 , jijinhak )
지질학 (地質學 , jijilhak )
천문학 (天文學 , cheonmunhak )
해부학 (解剖學 , haebuhak )
화본학 (禾本學 , hwabonhak )
화산학 (火山學 , hwasanhak , “vulcanology ”)
효소학 (酵素學 , hyosohak )
고생물학 (古生物學 , gosaengmulhak , “paleontology ”)
기생충학 (寄生蟲學 , gisaengchunghak , “parasitology ”)
생물화학 (生物化學 , saengmulhwahak , “biochemistry ”)
양자역학 (量子力學 , yangjayeokhak )
계량경제학 (計量經濟學 , gyeryanggyeongjehak )
생물물리학 (生物物理學 , saengmulmullihak )
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Vietnamese
Han character
學 : Hán Việt readings: học [ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
學 : Nôm readings: học [ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] [ 6] , hục [ 3]
chữ Hán form of học ( “ to learn , to study ” ) .
chữ Hán form of học ( “ ( suffix ) subject ; branch of learning ; -ology ” ) .
Compounds
References