官話
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See also: 官话
Chinese
| official; government; organ of body | spoken words; speech; dialect spoken words; speech; dialect; language; talk; conversation; what someone said | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (官話) | 官 | 話 | |
| simp. (官话) | 官 | 话 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gun1 waa6-2
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): guăng-uâ
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): guang1 hua5 / guong1 hua5
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koaⁿ-ōe
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1kuoe-gho
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guanhuà
- Wade–Giles: kuan1-hua4
- Yale: gwān-hwà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guanhuah
- Palladius: гуаньхуа (guanʹxua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gun1 waa6-2
- Yale: gūn wá
- Cantonese Pinyin: gun1 waa6-2
- Guangdong Romanization: gun1 wa6-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôn-fa
- Hakka Romanization System: gonˊ fa
- Hagfa Pinyim: gon1 fa4
- Sinological IPA: /kon²⁴⁻¹¹ fa⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: guăng-uâ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ (Ø-)ŋuɑ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: guang1 hua5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuaŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ (h-)nua²¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: guong1 hua5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuoŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ (h-)nua²¹/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: kwan hwaejH
Noun
官話
- Mandarin; Guanhua (group of Northern Chinese dialects including Putonghua (Standard Chinese))
- 反譯甚好，而間有古語，不合時用，且不是官話，無人認聽。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
- From: 《朝鮮王朝實錄》 (Joseon Veritable Records), 1483
- 반역심호(하나) 이간유고어(하고) 불합시용(하며) 차불시관화(이니) 무인인청(하리라)
Banyeok sim ho i gan yu goeo bulhap siyong cha bul si gwanhwa mu in in cheong. [Sino-Korean] - The translation is very good, but there is occasionally ancient language which is not in accordance with current usage; in addition, it is not Mandarin, nobody will understand it by listening.
- bureaucratic gibberish; high-sounding but insincere words; officialese
- Synonym: 官腔 (guānqiāng)
Synonyms
Derived terms
- 中原官話 / 中原官话 (Zhōngyuán guānhuà)
- 冀魯官話 / 冀鲁官话 (Jì-Lǔ Guānhuà)
- 北京官話 / 北京官话 (Běijīng guānhuà)
- 天不怕，地不怕，只怕廣東人說官話 / 天不怕，地不怕，只怕广东人说官话 (tiān bùpà, dì bùpà, zhǐ pà Guǎngdōngrén shuō guānhuà)
- 官話化 / 官话化 (guānhuàhuà)
- 官話合聲字母 / 官话合声字母 (Guānhuà Héshēng Zìmǔ)
- 官話字母 / 官话字母
- 戲棚官話 / 戏棚官话 (xìpéng guānhuà)
- 打官話 / 打官话
- 東北官話 / 东北官话 (dōngběi guānhuà)
- 江淮官話 / 江淮官话 (Jiānghuái guānhuà)
- 膠遼官話 / 胶辽官话
- 藍青官話 / 蓝青官话 (lánqīng guānhuà)
- 蘭銀官話 / 兰银官话
- 西南官話 / 西南官话 (xīnán guānhuà)
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (官話):
- → Japanese: 官話 (kanwa)
- → Okinawan: 官話 (kwanfā)
- → Korean: 관화(官話) (gwanhwa)
- → Vietnamese: Quan thoại (官話)
References
- “Entry #73586”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
- 陈浩淼 [CHEN, Haomiao] (2019 June) “莆仙方言连读音变中-n、-m韵尾的残留 [The Ｒesidual of-n，-m Tail Vowel in the Liaison of Puxian Dialect]”, in 莆田学院学报 [Journal of Putian University] (in Chinese), volume 26, number 3, Fuzhou
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 官 | 話 |
| かん Grade: 4 |
わ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | kan'yōon |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 官話 (MC kwan hwaejH).
Pronunciation
Noun
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 官 | 話 |
Noun
- hanja form? of 관화 (“Mandarin; Guanhua (group of Northern Chinese dialects including Putonghua (Standard Chinese))”)
Okinawan
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 官 | 話 |
| くゎん Grade: 4 |
ふぁー Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle Chinese 官話 (MC kwan hwaejH). Cognate to Japanese 官話 (kanwa).
Pronunciation
Noun
官話 (kwanfā)
References
- “くぁんふぁー・くゎんふぁー【官話】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
- “クヮンファー” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 官 | 話 |
Noun
官話
- chữ Hán form of Quan thoại (“Mandarin; Guanhua”).