宣

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See also: 宜 and 冝
宣 U+5BA3, 宣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BA3
← 客
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 室 →

Translingual

Han character

Stroke order
9 strokes

宣 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 十一日一 (JMAM), four-corner 30106, composition ⿱宀亘)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 284, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7132
  • Dae Jaweon: page 562, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 923, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5BA3

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 宣
2nd round simp. 㝉
alternative forms 𠖚 historical
𡨈 historical
𡩦 historical
𡪏 historical
亘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 宣
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (亘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
烜 *qʰrolʔ, *qʰonʔ
貆 *qʰoːn, *ɡoːn, *qʰon
峘 *ɡoːn, *ɡɯːŋ
狟 *ɡoːn
絙 *ɡoːn, *kɯːŋ
荁 *ɡoːn
宣 *sqʰon
咺 *qʰonʔ
暅 *qʰonʔ
桓 *ɡʷaːn
洹 *ɡʷaːn, *ɢʷan
揎 *sqʰʷan
愃 *sqʰʷan, *qʰʷanʔ
瑄 *sqʰʷan
渲 *sqʰʷans
喧 *qʰʷan
萱 *qʰʷan
暄 *qʰʷan
諠 *qʰʷan
翧 *qʰʷan
蝖 *qʰʷan
垣 *ɢʷan
楦 *qʰʷans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰon) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 亘 (). The character originally represented the main hall where the emperor resided. By extension, it came to be used to mean "clear" or "evident."[1]

References

  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Pronunciation

Note:
  • suang1 - Shantou;
  • suêng1 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 宣
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 仙 (78)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 須緣切
Baxter sjwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/siuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/sʷiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sjuæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/swian/
Li
Rong 		/siuɛn/
Wang
Li 		/sĭwɛn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/si̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xuān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		syun1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宣
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xuān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sjwen ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s-qʷar/
English spread (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宣
Reading # 1/1
No. 3954
Phonetic
component 		亘
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		宣
Old
Chinese 		/*sqʰon/

Definitions

宣

  1. (literary or in compounds) to declare; to announce; to proclaim
    宣言  ―  xuānyán  ―  declaration
    宣誓  ―  xuānshì  ―  oath
    1. (archaic) to command (from a sovereign to a subject)
  2. (literary) to spread; to diffuse; to circulate
    1. widespread; in wide circulation
    2. to drain (liquid)
  3. (Internet slang) to like (contraction of 喜歡／喜欢 (xǐhuan))

Compounds

References

  • “宣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “宣”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 269.

Japanese

Kanji

宣

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. proclaim, announce
  2. say

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
宣
せん
Grade: 6
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 宣 (MC sjwen).

Pronunciation

Noun

宣(せん) • (sen) 

  1. proclamation (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    Synonym: 宣旨 (senji)

Verb

宣(せん)する • (sen suru) suru (stem 宣(せん)し (sen shi), past 宣(せん)した (sen shita))

  1. declare (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    Synonym: 宣言する (sengen suru)

Proper noun

宣(せん) • (Sen) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

宣 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn)

1. To declare, to give, to bestow.

Vietnamese

Han character

宣: Hán Nôm readings: tuyên

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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