容

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容 U+5BB9, 容
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BB9
← 宸
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宺 →

Translingual

Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character

容 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十金人口 (JCOR), four-corner 30608, composition ⿱宀谷)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 287, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7172
  • Dae Jaweon: page 567, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 933, character 17
  • Unihan data for U+5BB9

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 容
alternative forms 㝐 ancient
頌 “looks”
𠕺

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 容
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (谷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
螸 *lo
裕 *loɡs
容 *loŋ
溶 *loŋ, *loŋʔ
鎔 *loŋ
蓉 *loŋ
傛 *loŋ, *loŋʔ
褣 *loŋ
搈 *loŋ
瑢 *loŋ
嵱 *loŋ
熔 *loŋ
榕 *loŋ
塎 *loŋʔ
谷 *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ
唂 *kloːɡ
焀 *ɡloːɡ
俗 *ljoɡ
欲 *loɡ
浴 *loɡ
鵒 *loɡ
峪 *ɦkloːɡ
鋊 *loɡ
輍 *loɡ
慾 *loɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *loŋ) : semantic 宀 + phonetic 公 (OC *kloːŋ) – to hold; to contain.

容 has also largely supplanted 頌 (OC *sɢloŋs, *loŋ) for the sense of “appearance”.

Etymology

Note phonetic and semantic resemblance to Burmese ယောင် (yaung, “appearance, semblance”), though the discrepancy in initials is problematic (Luce, 1981).

“ronna-”
Phono-semantic matching of English ronna-. Coined by the China National Committee for Terminology in Science and Technology and the State Administration for Market Regulation on World Metrology Day in 2023 (20 May 2023).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 容
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 餘封切
Baxter yowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/juawŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ioŋ/
Wang
Li 		/jĭwoŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jung4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 容 容
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		róng róng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yowng › ‹ yowng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*(r)oŋ/ /*(r)oŋ/
English contain appearance

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 容
Reading # 1/1
No. 4284
Phonetic
component 		谷
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		容
Old
Chinese 		/*loŋ/
Notes 說文古文從公，
小徐作谷聲

Definitions

容

  1. to hold; to contain
    每間教室能容20多個學生。 [MSC, trad.]
    每间教室能容20多个学生。 [MSC, simp.]
    Měi jiān jiàoshì néng róng 20 duō ge xuéshēng.
    Each classroom can hold 20-odd students.
  2. to tolerate; to stand
    寬容／宽容  ―  kuānróng  ―  to be lenient
    容不得別人批評／容不得别人批评  ―  róng bude biérén pīpíng  ―  cannot stand others' criticism
  3. to allow; to permit
    請容我說兩句／请容我说两句  ―  qǐng róng wǒ shuō liǎng jù  ―  Please allow me to say something
  4. (literary) perhaps; maybe
  5. facial appearance; looks
    笑容  ―  xiàoróng  ―  smile
    容光煥發／容光焕发  ―  róngguānghuànfā  ―  (of one's face) to glow with vigour and joy
  6. bearing; posture
    市容  ―  shìróng  ―  appearance of a city
  7. Used in 容易 (róngyì) and 容與／容与.
  8. Used in 容容.
  9. a surname
    容國團／容国团  ―  Róng Guótuán  ―  Rong Guotuan (Chinese table tennis player)
  10. (～縣) Rong County, Yulin, Guangxi
  11. (Mainland China) ronna- (SI unit prefix)
    Synonym: 羅 / 罗 (luó) (Taiwan)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

容

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. contain
  2. forgive, allow, permit
  3. shape, appearance

Readings

Usage notes

Formerly used as man'yōgana for the back-vowel variant 甲類 (kōrui) of よ (yo).

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology 1

Noun

容(かたち) • (katachi) 

  1. Alternative form of 形

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
容
よう
Grade: 5
kan'on

Pronunciation

Affix

容(よう) • (yō) 

  1. to hold; to contain
  2. to tolerate; to stand
  3. content; substance
  4. look; appearance

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 容 (MC yowng). Recorded as Middle Korean 요ᇰ (yong) (Yale: yong) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

容 (eumhun 얼굴 용 (eolgul yong))

  1. hanja form? of 용 (“face; contain”)

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

容: Hán Nôm readings: dung, dong, dông, gióng, giông, ròng, rông, rung

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia