将軍
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Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 将 | 軍 |
| しょう Grade: 6 |
ぐん Grade: 4 |
| kan'on | kan'yōon |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 將軍 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
/sʲaːᵑ kun/ → /ɕauɡun/ → /ɕɔːɡun/ → /ɕoːɡun/
From Middle Chinese compound 將軍 (MC tsjang kjun). Compare modern Hokkien 將軍 / 将军 (chiong-kun / chiang-kun), Eastern Min 將軍 / 将军 (ciŏng-gŭng).
The “shogun” sense is originally short for 征夷大将軍 (seii taishōgun, literally “commander in chief of the expeditionary force to expel barbarians”).
Pronunciation
Noun
将軍 • (shōgun) ←しやうぐん (syaugun)?
- (military) a commander of troops, especially of an expeditionary or frontline force
- (military) synonym of 将官 (shōkan): a general officer
- (military, historical) a shogun, supreme generalissimo of feudal Japan
Usage notes
In the modern military system, shōgun refers to any military officers who have the ranks ending in 将 (-shō), for example: 大将 (taishō), 中将 (chūjō), 少将 (shōshō), and 准将 (junshō).
Derived terms
- 将軍帯 (shōgun obi)
- 将軍後見職 (shōgun kōkenshoku)
- 将軍職 (shōgunshoku)
- 将軍宣下 (shōgun senge)
- 将軍塚 (Shōgunzuka)
- 旭将軍 (Asahi Shōgun)
- 尼将軍 (amashōgun)
- 右将軍 (ushōgun)
- 凱旋将軍 (gaisen shōgun)
- 竈将軍 (kamado shōgun)
- 関東将軍 (Kantō shōgun)
- 金吾将軍 (kingo shōgun)
- 下馬将軍 (Geba Shōgun)
- 皇族将軍 (kōzoku shōgun)
- 米将軍 (Komeshōgun)
- 左将軍 (sashōgun)
- 持節将軍 (jisetsu shōgun)
- 四道将軍 (shidō shōgun)
- 上将軍 (jōshōgun)
- 親王将軍 (shinnō shōgun)
- 征夷将軍 (seī shōgun)
- 征西将軍 (seisei shōgun)
- 征東将軍 (seitō shōgun)
- 摂家将軍 (sekke shōgun)
- 大樹将軍 (taiju shōgun)
- 大将軍 (taishōgun)
- 鎮守将軍 (chinju shōgun)
- 鎮守府将軍 (chinjufu shōgun)
- 鎮西将軍 (chinzei shōgun)
- 鎮東将軍 (chintō shōgun)
- 飛将軍 (hishōgun)
- 副将軍 (fukushōgun)
- 宮将軍 (miyashōgun)
- 闇将軍 (yamishōgun)
Descendants
- → Danish: shogun c
- → English: shogun
- → French: shogun m
- → Indonesian: syogun
- → Italian: shogun m
- → Polish: siogun m
- → Portuguese: xogum
See also
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN