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See also: and 巿
U+5E02, 市
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E02

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Stroke order
5 strokes

Alternative forms

Note that the Ming typeface used in Japan and Korea as well as the Kangxi dictionary uses a vertical dot for the upper component of which is slightly different from modern Chinese scripts which uses a slanting dot for the upper component of in .

Han character

(Kangxi radical 50, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 卜中月 (YLB), four-corner 00227, composition or )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 328, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8775
  • Dae Jaweon: page 632, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 729, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5E02

Usage notes

This character is not to be confused with visually similar but unrelated 巿 (U+5DFF), which has only four strokes and is written with across the top of .

Chinese

simp. and trad.
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djɯʔ) : semantic (bustling) + phonetic (OC *tjɯ).

Etymology

Possibly related to Proto-Tai *z.ɟɯːꟲ (to buy), whence Thai ซื้อ (sʉ́ʉ) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • chhī/chhǐ - vernacular;
  • sī/sǐ - literary.
Note:
  • shr5 - vernacular;
  • shr4 - literary.

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (25)
    Final () (19)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter dzyiX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /d͡ʑɨX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /d͡ʑɨX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /d͡ʑieX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /d͡ʑɨX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʑiəX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ʑĭəX/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /ʑiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    shì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    si6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    shì
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ dzyiX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*C.əʔ/
    English market (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11611
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*djɯʔ/

    Definitions

    1. city; town
    2. market; fair
    3. to trade; to do business
    4. to buy
    5. to sell
    6. (Cantonese) market situation; especially the stock market
    7. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) business situation (buy and sell of goods)

    Compounds

    Japanese

    Kanji

    (Second grade kyōiku kanji)

    Readings

    • Go-on: (ji)
    • Kan-on: (shi, Jōyō)
    • Kun: いち (ichi, , Jōyō)

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    いち
    Grade: 2
    kun'yomi

    From Old Japanese (ichi). Found in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1]

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    (いち) (ichi

    1. a market, a marketplace
    2. a place where a lot of people gather
    3. (less commonly) a town, a city

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 2
    on'yomi

    Suffix

    () (-shi

    1. city
    Usage notes

    When compounding, similar to (-to), (-dō), (-fu), (-ken) and (chō), makes the accent fall on the 自立拍 (jiritsuhaku, autonomous mora) immediately before itself. For example:

    References

    1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean

    Etymology

    From Middle Chinese (MC dzyiX).

    Pronunciation

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
    • Phonetic hangul:
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 저자 (jeoja si))

    1. hanja form? of (market)
    2. hanja form? of (city; town)

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Nôm readings: thị

    1. (only in compounds) market
    2. (only in compounds) city

    Compounds