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希望. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
希望, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
希望 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
希望 you have here. The definition of the word
希望 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
希望, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Chinese
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to hope; rare; infrequent
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hope; expect; to visit hope; expect; to visit; to gaze (into the distance); look towards; towards
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trad. (希望)
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希
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望
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simp. #(希望)
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希
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望
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Pronunciation
Rime
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Character
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希
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望
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望
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Reading #
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1/1
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1/2
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2/2
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Initial (聲)
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曉 (32)
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明 (4)
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明 (4)
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Final (韻)
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微 (20)
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陽 (106)
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陽 (106)
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Tone (調)
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Level (Ø)
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Level (Ø)
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Departing (H)
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Openness (開合)
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Open
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Closed
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Closed
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Division (等)
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III
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III
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III
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Fanqie
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香衣切
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武方切
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巫放切
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Baxter
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xj+j
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mjang
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mjangH
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Reconstructions
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Zhengzhang Shangfang
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/hɨi/
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/mʉɐŋ/
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/mʉɐŋH/
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Pan Wuyun
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/hɨi/
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/mʷiɐŋ/
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/mʷiɐŋH/
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Shao Rongfen
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/xiəi/
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/miuɑŋ/
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/miuɑŋH/
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Edwin Pulleyblank
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/hɨj/
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/muaŋ/
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/muaŋH/
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Li Rong
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/xiəi/
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/miuaŋ/
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/miuaŋH/
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Wang Li
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/xĭəi/
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/mĭwaŋ/
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/mĭwaŋH/
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Bernhard Karlgren
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/xe̯i/
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/miwaŋ/
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/miwaŋH/
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Expected Mandarin Reflex
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xī
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wáng
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wàng
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Expected Cantonese Reflex
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hei1
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mong4
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mong6
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Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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希
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望
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望
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Reading #
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1/1
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1/2
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2/2
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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xī
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wàng
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wàng
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Middle Chinese
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‹ xjɨj ›
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‹ mjang ›
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‹ mjangH ›
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Old Chinese
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/*qʰəj/
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/*maŋ/
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/*maŋ-s/
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English
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thin, sparse
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look at from a distance
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look at from a distance
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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希
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望
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望
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Reading #
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1/1
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1/2
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2/2
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No.
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13250
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12667
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12686
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Phonetic component
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希
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亡
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亡
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Rime group
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微
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陽
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陽
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Rime subdivision
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1
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0
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0
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Corresponding MC rime
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希
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亡
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妄
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Old Chinese
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/*hlɯl/
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/*maŋ/
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/*maŋs/
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Noun
希望
- hope; wish (feeling of desire for something to happen)
- 希望工程 ― xīwàng gōngchéng ― Project Hope
所有的希望都破滅了。 [MSC, trad.]
所有的希望都破灭了。 [MSC, simp.]- Suǒyǒu de xīwàng dōu pòmiè le.
- All hope was lost.
- hope (a person or thing that may help someone)
你是我唯一的希望。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]- Nǐ shì wǒ wéiyī de xīwàng.
- You are my only hope.
我看不到希望,找不到出路。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]- Wǒ kàn bù dào xīwàng, zhǎo bù dào chūlù.
- I can't see any hope — and I can't find a way out.
Synonyms
- 希冀 (xījì) (literary)
- 心願/心愿 (xīnyuàn)
- 志意 (zhìyì) (literary)
- 志願/志愿 (zhìyuàn)
- 想兒/想儿 (xiǎngr) (Beijing Mandarin)
- 意願/意愿 (yìyuàn)
- 慾望/欲望 (yùwàng)
- 指望 (zhǐwàng)
- 期冀 (qījì) (literary)
- 期望 (qīwàng)
- 祈願/祈愿 (qíyuàn)
- 願/愿 (yuàn)
- 願望/愿望 (yuànwàng)
Verb
希望
- to hope; to wish
希望你明天能來。 [MSC, trad.]
希望你明天能来。 [MSC, simp.]- Xīwàng nǐ míngtiān néng lái.
- I hope you can come tomorrow.
希望沒有讓您等太久。 [MSC, trad.]
希望没有让您等太久。 [MSC, simp.]- Xīwàng méiyǒu ràng nín děng tài jiǔ.
- I hope I didn't make you wait too long.
希望你一切都好。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]- Xīwàng nǐ yīqiè dōu hǎo.
- Wish you all the best.
希望你能早點好。 [MSC, trad.]
希望你能早点好。 [MSC, simp.]- Xīwàng nǐ néng zǎodiǎn hǎo.
- Get well soon.
她希望能夠在學術史上留名。 [MSC, trad.]
她希望能够在学术史上留名。 [MSC, simp.]- Tā xīwàng nénggòu zài xuéshùshǐ shàng liúmíng.
- She hopes to be able to make a name for herself in the history of scholarship.
- (literary) to look up
- (literary) to cater to
Synonyms
- 企待 (qǐdài) (literary)
- 企望 (qǐwàng)
- 企盼 (qǐpàn)
- 冀望 (jìwàng) (literary)
- 向望 (ǹg-bāng) (Hokkien)
- 夢想/梦想 (mèngxiǎng)
- 寄望 (jìwàng)
- 巴望 (bāwàng) (regional)
- 希冀 (xījì) (literary)
- 幸 (xìng) (literary)
- 引領/引领 (yǐnlǐng) (literary)
- 思 (literary, or in compounds)
- 想望 (xion2 von3) (Jin)
- 承望 (chéngwàng)
- 指望 (zhǐwàng)
- 期冀 (qījì) (literary)
- 期待 (qīdài)
- 期望 (qīwàng)
- 渴望 (kěwàng)
- 盼 (pàn)
- 盼望 (pànwàng)
- 願/愿 (yuàn)
- 願意/愿意 (yuànyì)
- 鵠望/鹄望 (húwàng) (literary)
Descendants
Japanese
Etymology 1
Alternative spelling
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冀望 (rare)
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Pronunciation
Noun
希望 • (kibō) ←きばう (kibau)?
- hope (expectations)
- 希望を失う ― kibō o ushinau ― to lose hope
- 希望を与える ― kibō o ataeru ― to give someone hope
- wish; hope; desire
- Synonyms: 願い (negai), 望み (nozomi)
- 希望が叶う ― kibō ga kanau ― a wish comes true
- (with ordinals (第)) that which one hopes for
- 第一希望の大学
- dai-ichi kibō no daigaku
- first choice for university
Verb
希望する • (kibō suru) ←きばう (kibau)?transitive suru (stem 希望し (kibō shi), past 希望した (kibō shita))
- to wish for; to hope for
- 参加を希望します。
- Sanka o kibō shimasu.
- I hope for your participation.
Conjugation
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
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Mizenkei ("imperfective")
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希望し
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きぼうし
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kibō shi
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Ren’yōkei ("continuative")
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希望し
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きぼうし
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kibō shi
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Shūshikei ("terminal")
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希望する
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きぼうする
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kibō suru
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Rentaikei ("attributive")
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希望する
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きぼうする
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kibō suru
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Kateikei ("hypothetical")
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希望すれ
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きぼうすれ
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kibō sure
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Meireikei ("imperative")
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希望せよ¹ 希望しろ²
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きぼうせよ¹ きぼうしろ²
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kibō seyo¹ kibō shiro²
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Key constructions
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Passive
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希望される
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きぼうされる
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kibō sareru
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Causative
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希望させる 希望さす
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きぼうさせる きぼうさす
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kibō saseru kibō sasu
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Potential
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希望できる
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きぼうできる
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kibō dekiru
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Volitional
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希望しよう
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きぼうしよう
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kibō shiyō
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Negative
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希望しない
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きぼうしない
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kibō shinai
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Negative continuative
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希望せず
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きぼうせず
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kibō sezu
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Formal
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希望します
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きぼうします
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kibō shimasu
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Perfective
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希望した
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きぼうした
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kibō shita
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Conjunctive
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希望して
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きぼうして
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kibō shite
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Hypothetical conditional
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希望すれば
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きぼうすれば
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kibō sureba
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¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
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Derived terms
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Etymology 2
Various nanori and irregular readings.
Proper noun
希望 or 希望 or 希望 or 希望 or 希望 or 希望 or 希望 • (Kibō or Kimi or Kirari or Narumi or Nozomi or Nono or Yume)
- a female given name
希望 • (Nozomu)
- a male given name
Korean
Noun
希望 • (huimang) (hangeul 희망)
- hanja form? of 희망 (“hope”)
Vietnamese
Noun
希望
- chữ Hán form of hi vọng (“hope”).
Verb
希望
- chữ Hán form of hi vọng (“to hope”).