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U+5E3D, 帽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E3D

CJK Unified Ideographs

帽 U+2F886, 帽
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F886
帨
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 幩

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 50, +9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中月日月山 (LBABU), four-corner 46260, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 333, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8971
  • Dae Jaweon: page 640, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 747, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5E3D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp. 𫷀
alternative forms

𧛕
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Cantonese)
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *muːɡs) : semantic (cloth) + phonetic (OC *muːɡs, *mɯːɡ).

Etymology

Wanderwort of Southeastern and Eastern Asia, thus its origin is disputed.

Possibly from Sino-Tibetan. It has been compared to Tibetan རྨོག (rmog, helmet) (Starostin; Sagart, 2017) and Rgyalrongic forms for “mushroom” (cf. Breton tog-touseg, literally “frog hat”), such as Japhug jmɤɣ (Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) suggests an Austroasiatic derivation since this is a relatively late word and Shuowen defines (an ancient form of ) as “head cover” of the Southern indigenous people, which may allude to a southern origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *muuk ~ muək (hat), whence Mon ဒမှော် (həmok, wide hat) and Khmer មួក (muək), which he also connects to (OC *mu, “metal cap; helmet”). Also compare Thai หมวก (mùuak), which Schuessler (2007) derives from the Khmer word. However, Alves (2018) considers it likely for the Proto-Mon-Khmer word to be a loan from Chinese, and Alves (2020) also suggests that the Tai forms spread from Chinese.

Often considered to be related to (OC *muːɡs, “to cover”) (Wang, 1982; Starostin), though Schuessler (2007) thinks that it may be reinterpreted as such based on parallel development of (OC *bralʔ, *brals, “to cover; bedding”).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • bō - vernacular;
  • mō͘ - literary.
Note:
  • mau5 - vernacular;
  • mau4 - literary.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /mɑu⁵¹/
    Harbin /mau⁵³/
    Tianjin /mɑu⁵³/
    Jinan /mɔ²¹/
    Qingdao /mɔ⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /mau³¹²/
    Xi'an /mau⁴⁴/
    Xining /mɔ²¹³/
    Yinchuan /mɔ¹³/
    Lanzhou /mɔ¹³/
    Ürümqi /mɔ²¹³/
    Wuhan /mau³⁵/
    Chengdu /mau¹³/
    Guiyang /mao²¹³/
    Kunming /mɔ²¹²/
    Nanjing /mɔo⁴⁴/
    Hefei /mɔ⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /mau⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /mɔ³⁵/
    Hohhot /mɔ⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /mɔ²³/
    Suzhou /mæ³¹/
    Hangzhou /mɔ¹³/
    Wenzhou /mɜ²²/
    Hui Shexian /mɔ²²/
    Tunxi /mən²⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /mau⁵⁵/
    /mau¹¹/
    Xiangtan /maɯ²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /mɑu²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /mau⁵³/
    Taoyuan /mo⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /mou³⁵/
    Nanning /mu²²/
    Hong Kong /mou³⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /bo²²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /mɔ²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /mau⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /bo³¹/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /mau³⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (4)
    Final () (89)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter mawH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /mɑuH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /mɑuH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /mɑuH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /mawH/
    Li
    Rong
    /mɑuH/
    Wang
    Li
    /mɑuH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /mɑuH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    mào
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    mou6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    mào
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ mawH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*mˁuk-s/
    English hat

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8917
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*muːɡs/
    Notes

    Definitions

    1. hat; cap (Classifier: c)
    2. cap (protective cover)
        ―  mào  ―  cap of a pen
    3. (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, slang) Short for 戴綠帽戴绿帽 (“to cuckold”).

    Synonyms

    Compounds

    Descendants

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (ぼう) ()
    • Vietnamese: mạo ()

    Others:

    References

    Japanese

    Shinjitai
    Kyūjitai
    [1]

    帽󠄁
    +&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    帽󠄃
    +&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji

    (Jōyō kanji)

    1. cap

    Readings

    • Go-on: もう ()
    • Kan-on: ぼう (, Jōyō)
    • Kun: ずきん (zukin, )おおう (ōu, 帽う)

    Compounds

    References

    1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

    Korean

    Etymology

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

    Pronunciation

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (mo) (hangeul )

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Nôm readings: mạo, mão,

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.