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弩. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
弩, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
弩 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
弩 you have here. The definition of the word
弩 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
弩, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
弩 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女水弓 (VEN), four-corner 47207, composition ⿱奴弓)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 358, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9760
- Dae Jaweon: page 674, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 994, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5F29
Chinese
Glyph origin
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 拿
|
*rnaː
|
| 拏
|
*rnaː
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| 詉
|
*rnaː
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| 蒘
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*rnaː, *na
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| 笯
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*rnaː, *naː, *naːs
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| 挐
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*rnaː, *na
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| 絮
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*rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas
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| 呶
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*rnaːw
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| 怓
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*rnaːw
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| 帑
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*n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː
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| 奴
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*naː
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| 砮
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*naː, *naːʔ
|
| 駑
|
*naː
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| 孥
|
*naː
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| 努
|
*naːʔ
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| 弩
|
*naːʔ
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| 怒
|
*naːʔ, *naːs
|
| 袽
|
*na
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| 帤
|
*na
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| 女
|
*naʔ, *nas
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| 籹
|
*naʔ
|
| 恕
|
*hnjas
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| 如
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*nja, *njas
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| 茹
|
*nja, *njaʔ, *njas
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| 洳
|
*nja, *njas
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| 鴽
|
*nja
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| 蕠
|
*nja
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| 汝
|
*njaʔ
|
| 肗
|
*njaʔ
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naːʔ) : phonetic 奴 (OC *naː) + semantic 弓 (“bow”).
Etymology
Compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-na (“crossbow”), whence Drung tana, Naxi daqna.
Unger (1990) suggests a derivation from 努 (OC *naːʔ, “to tense; to exert”), as the crossbow shoots arrows by releasing elastic potential energy stored in its limbs. Ferlus (1999) cites Gernet's opinion that 砮 (OC *naː, *naːʔ, “stone arrow-tip”) had been semantically extended to mean the whole crossbow.
More likely, 弩 (OC *naːʔ) and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-na were Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman renditions of a Mainland Southeast Asian Wanderwort (Ratliff, 2010), possibly of Austroasiatic origin (Norman and Mei, 1976; Benedict, 1990; Schuessler, 2007). Compare other MSEA lexical items meaning "crossbow":
Also compare Proto-Austronesian *panaq (“to shoot (an arrow)”) (cf. Proto-Mon-Khmer *paɲʔ) whence Malay panah, Tagalog panà, Hawaiian pana.
Pronunciation
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
弩
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
nǔ
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ nuX ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*C.nˁaʔ/
|
| English
|
crossbow
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
弩
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
9607
|
Phonetic
component
|
女
|
Rime
group
|
魚
|
Rime
subdivision
|
0
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
怒
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*naːʔ/
|
Definitions
弩
- crossbow
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
弩
(Hyōgai kanji)
- crossbow
- one of abbreviations for loanwords whose transcription begin with the syllable ド (Do). Especially, dreadnought.
- 1916, Machida Shiro, 獨逸戰前の真相, Waseda University Press, page 129:
獨逸に於ける最初の弩級戦艦はナッサウ、エストファーレンの二艦である- The first dreadnought-class battleships in Germany are Nassau and Westfalen
Readings
Definitions
| For pronunciation and definitions of 弩 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 弩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
|
Korean
Hanja
弩 • (no) (hangeul 노, revised no, McCune–Reischauer no, Yale no)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
弩: Hán Nôm readings: nỏ, nỗ, ná, nõ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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