微笑む

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
微 笑
Grade: S え
Grade: 4
irregular kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
ほほ笑む
頬笑む

Etymology

Compound of 頬 (hoho, “cheek”) +‎ 笑む (emu, “smile”).

The spelling appears to be an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), based on Chinese 微笑 (wēixiào, literally “slight smile”).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "微笑む"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		微笑む ほほえむ
Imperative (命令形) 微笑め ほほえめ
Key constructions
Passive 微笑まれる ほほえまれる
Causative 微笑ませる ほほえませる
Potential 微笑める ほほえめる
Volitional 微笑もう ほほえもー
Negative 微笑まない ほほえまない
Negative perfective 微笑まなかった ほほえまなかった
Formal 微笑みます ほほえみます
Perfective 微笑んだ ほほえんだ
Conjunctive 微笑んで ほほえんで
Hypothetical conditional 微笑めば ほほえめば

Alternative (informal):

Verb

微笑(ほほえ)む • (hohoemu) ←ほほゑむ (fofowemu)?intransitive godan (stem 微笑(ほほえ)み (hohoemi), past 微笑(ほほえ)んだ (hohoenda))

  1. to smile

Conjugation

Conjugation of "微笑む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 微笑ま ほほえま hohoema
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 微笑み ほほえみ hohoemi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 微笑む ほほえむ hohoemu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 微笑む ほほえむ hohoemu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 微笑め ほほえめ hohoeme
Meireikei ("imperative") 微笑め ほほえめ hohoeme
Key constructions
Passive 微笑まれる ほほえまれる hohoemareru
Causative 微笑ませる
微笑ます 		ほほえませる
ほほえます 		hohoemaseru
hohoemasu
Potential 微笑める ほほえめる hohoemeru
Volitional 微笑もう ほほえもう hohoemō
Negative 微笑まない ほほえまない hohoemanai
Negative continuative 微笑まず ほほえまず hohoemazu
Formal 微笑みます ほほえみます hohoemimasu
Perfective 微笑んだ ほほえんだ hohoenda
Conjunctive 微笑んで ほほえんで hohoende
Hypothetical conditional 微笑めば ほほえめば hohoemeba

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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