怪我

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
怪 我
け
Grade: S
(ateji) 		が
Grade: 6
(ateji)
on’yomi

Etymology

Uncertain. Likely the root of verbs 汚れる, 穢れる (kegareru, “to become soiled, to get dirty”); 汚す, 穢す (kegasu, “to soil something, to make something dirty”). The kanji are ateji.

Pronunciation

Noun

怪(け)我(が) or 怪我(ケガ) • (kega) 

  1. an injury, a wound
    彼(かれ)は登校中(とうこうちゅう)に怪我(けが)をしたようだ。
    Kare wa tōkōchū ni kega o shita yō da.
    He seems to have hurt himself while going to school.

Synonyms

Verb

怪(け)我(が)する • (kega suru) suru (stem 怪(け)我(が)し (kega shi), past 怪(け)我(が)した (kega shita))

  1. to get hurt, to injure oneself

Conjugation

Conjugation of "怪我する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 怪我し けがし kega shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 怪我し けがし kega shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 怪我する けがする kega suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 怪我する けがする kega suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 怪我すれ けがすれ kega sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 怪我せよ¹
怪我しろ² 		けがせよ¹
けがしろ² 		kega seyo¹
kega shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 怪我される けがされる kega sareru
Causative 怪我させる
怪我さす 		けがさせる
けがさす 		kega saseru
kega sasu
Potential 怪我できる けができる kega dekiru
Volitional 怪我しよう けがしよう kega shiyō
Negative 怪我しない けがしない kega shinai
Negative continuative 怪我せず けがせず kega sezu
Formal 怪我します けがします kega shimasu
Perfective 怪我した けがした kega shita
Conjunctive 怪我して けがして kega shite
Hypothetical conditional 怪我すれば けがすれば kega sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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