Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word
息. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
息, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
息 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
息 you have here. The definition of the word
息 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
息, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
| Stroke order
|
|
Han character
息 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹山心 (HUP), four-corner 26330, composition ⿱自心)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10601
- Dae Jaweon: page 717, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2291, character 4
- Unihan data for U+606F
Bailang
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *siŋ ~ sik (“tree, wood”). Compare Burmese သစ် (sac, “wood, timber”).
Noun
息 (*sik)
- wood
References
- Hill, Nathan W. (2017) “Songs of the Bailang: A New Transcription with Etymological Commentary”, in Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient, volume 103, pages 386—429
Chinese
Glyph origin
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 息
|
*slɯɡ
|
| 熄
|
*slɯɡ
|
| 媳
|
*slɯɡ
|
| 鄎
|
*slɯɡ
|
| 瘜
|
*slɯɡ
|
| 蒠
|
*slɯɡ
|
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 自 (“nose”) + 心 (“heart”) – to breathe (life) through one’s nose. Note that 自 originally meant “nose” and was later borrowed for “self”.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sak (“breath; life; to breathe”). Cognate with Jingpho sa' (“to breathe”), Burmese အသက် (a.sak).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): xī, xí
- (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ, ㄒㄧˊ
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xi2
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sik1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhet2
- Gan (Wiktionary): xit6
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): sit
- (Meixian, Guangdong): xid5
- Jin (Wiktionary): xieh4
- Northern Min (KCR): sĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): sék
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): sek / siak / sit
- (Teochew, Peng'im): sêg4
- (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): xig4
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7shiq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): si6
Note:
- Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
- sek/siak - literary;
- sit - vernacular.
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
息
|
息
|
| Reading #
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1/2
|
2/2
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
xī
|
xī
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ sik ›
|
‹ sik ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*sək/
|
/*sək/
|
| English
|
breathe
|
安息 Ānxī (Iranian country in the western regions, W. Hàn; from Aršaka = Arsaces, founder of the Arsacid dynasty)
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
息
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
13332
|
Phonetic
component
|
息
|
Rime
group
|
職
|
Rime
subdivision
|
0
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
息
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*slɯɡ/
|
| Notes
|
說文自亦聲
|
Definitions
息
- to breathe; to pant
- to sigh; to blow
- to stop; to subside; to cease
- to put a stop to; to stop
- to rest; to have a rest
- to grow; to develop
- to calm down; to appease
- breath; life
- one's own children
- interest; dividends
- message; news
Compounds
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Definitions
息
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Hainanese, Leizhou Min, Zhongshan Min) great-grandchild (Classifier: 個／个 c)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
曾孫 (“great-grandson; great-grandchild”)
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
曾孫, 曾孫子
|
| Northeastern Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
曾孫兒
|
| Taiwan
|
曾孫
|
| Harbin
|
重孫子, 重孫兒
|
| Singapore
|
曾孫
|
| Jilu Mandarin
|
Jinan
|
重孫, 重孫子
|
| Jiaoliao Mandarin
|
Yantai (Muping)
|
重孫子
|
| Central Plains Mandarin
|
Luoyang
|
重孫子
|
| Wanrong
|
重孫
|
| Xi'an
|
重孫
|
| Xining
|
重孫子
|
| Xuzhou
|
重孫兒, 重孫, 曾孫兒, 曾孫, 四世孫兒, 四世孫
|
| Lanyin Mandarin
|
Yinchuan
|
重孫子
|
| Lanzhou
|
重孫, 男重孫 †
|
| Ürümqi
|
重孫子
|
| Southwestern Mandarin
|
Chengdu
|
灰灰兒
|
| Wuhan
|
重孫子, 重孫
|
| Guiyang
|
重孫孫, 重孫
|
| Guilin
|
重孫子
|
| Liuzhou
|
息子, 息, 重孫, 息崽 †
|
| Jianghuai Mandarin
|
Nanjing
|
重重, 重孫 †
|
| Yangzhou
|
重孫子
|
| Nantong
|
重孫兒
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
息
|
| Hong Kong
|
息
|
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
息
|
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
息
|
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
息
|
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
息
|
| Macau
|
息
|
| Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
息
|
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
息
|
| Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
息
|
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
息
|
| Foshan
|
息
|
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
息
|
| Foshan (Shunde)
|
嘞
|
| Foshan (Sanshui)
|
息
|
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
息
|
| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
息
|
| Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
|
息
|
| Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
|
息
|
| Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
息
|
| Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
息
|
| Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
息
|
| Taishan
|
息
|
| Kaiping (Chikan)
|
息
|
| Enping (Niujiang)
|
息
|
| Heshan (Yayao)
|
息
|
| Dongguan
|
息
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| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
息
|
| Qingyuan
|
息, 息仔
|
| Fogang
|
息
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| Yingde (Hanguang)
|
息仔
|
| Yangshan
|
息
|
| Lianshan (Butian)
|
息
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| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)
|
息
|
| Shaoguan
|
息
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| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
息
|
| Renhua
|
息仔
|
| Lechang
|
息仔
|
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)
|
息仔
|
| Sihui
|
息
|
| Guangning
|
息
|
| Deqing
|
息
|
| Huaiji
|
息
|
| Fengkai (Nanfeng)
|
息
|
| Yunfu
|
息仔
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| Xinxing
|
息
|
| Luoding
|
息
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| Yunan (Pingtai)
|
息
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| Xinyi
|
息
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| Lianjiang
|
息, 息仔
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| Nanning
|
息, 息仔
|
| Wuzhou
|
息
|
| Yulin
|
息
|
| Hepu (Lianzhou)
|
曾孫
|
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
息
|
| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
息
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
曾孫子, 曾孫
|
| Lichuan
|
曾孫崽, 曾孫
|
| Pingxiang
|
曾孫
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
息仔
|
| Xingning
|
息哩
|
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
阿息
|
| Huidong (Daling)
|
息仔
|
| Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
息仔
|
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
息孫
|
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
息子
|
| Wuhua (Shuizhai)
|
息哩
|
| Wuhua (Huacheng)
|
息哩
|
| Wuhua (Changbu)
|
息哩
|
| Wuhua (Mianyang)
|
息哩
|
| Heyuan (Bendihua)
|
阿息
|
| Wengyuan
|
息子
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
息子
|
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
息仔
|
| Liannan
|
息子
|
| Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
|
息
|
| Jiexi
|
息
|
| Luhe
|
息仔
|
| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
|
重孫
|
| Changting
|
息嫲哩
|
| Wuping
|
息嫲子
|
| Wuping (Yanqian)
|
息子
|
| Wuping (Pingyu)
|
息子
|
| Liancheng
|
息哩
|
| Ninghua
|
息孫
|
| Yudu
|
曾孫, 息孫
|
| Ningdu
|
重孫
|
| Ruijin
|
曾孫
|
| Shicheng
|
玄孫
|
| Tonggu (Sandu)
|
曾孫
|
| Ganzhou (Panlong)
|
曾孫
|
| Dayu
|
曾孫
|
| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
息仔, 息嫲
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
息仔, 息嫲
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
息仔, 息嫲
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
息, 息嫲
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
息仔, 息嫲
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
曾孫, 玄孫
|
| Hong Kong
|
息
|
| Yangxi (Tangkou)
|
息
|
| Yangchun (Sanjia)
|
息仔
|
| Xinyi (Sihe)
|
息
|
| Xinyi (Qianpai)
|
息
|
| Gaozhou (Xindong)
|
倈
|
| Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)
|
息
|
| Huazhou (Xin'an)
|
息
|
| Lianjiang (Shijiao)
|
息子
|
| Lianjiang (Qingping)
|
孫息, 息子
|
| Mengshan (Xihe)
|
息孫
|
| Luchuan
|
曾孫
|
| Luchuan (Daqiao)
|
重孫
|
| Sabah (Longchuan)
|
息仔
|
| Senai (Huiyang)
|
息
|
| Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)
|
孫息
|
| Singkawang
|
息孫
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
重孫
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
重孫子
|
| Xinzhou
|
重孫
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
息仔
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
曾孫
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
橄欖孫
|
| Quanzhou
|
橄欖孫
|
| Jinjiang
|
橄欖孫
|
| Zhangzhou
|
橄欖孫
|
| Taipei
|
橄欖孫
|
| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
橄欖孫
|
| Kaohsiung
|
橄欖孫
|
| Yilan
|
橄欖孫
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
橄欖孫
|
| Taichung
|
橄欖孫
|
| Taichung (Wuqi)
|
橄欖孫
|
| Tainan
|
橄欖孫
|
| Taitung
|
橄欖孫
|
| Hsinchu
|
橄欖孫
|
| Kinmen
|
橄欖孫
|
| Penghu (Magong)
|
橄欖孫
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
橄欖孫
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
橄欖孫
|
| Pingnan (Shangdu)
|
息仔
|
| Shantou
|
重孫
|
| Bangkok (Teochew)
|
重孫
|
| Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
橄欖孫
|
| Leizhou
|
息
|
| Haikou
|
息, 妰𡝃息 †
|
| Zhongshan Min
|
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
|
息
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
孫息, 息仔, 重孫仔
|
| Northern Pinghua
|
Guilin (Dahe)
|
重孫子
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
曾孫, 玄孫
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
玄孫
|
| Suzhou
|
玄孫
|
| Danyang
|
重孫
|
| Hangzhou
|
重孫
|
| Ningbo
|
重孫
|
| Wenzhou
|
玄孫
|
| Jinhua
|
玄孫
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
曾孫子
|
| Loudi
|
曾孫
|
| Quanzhou
|
重孫, 息崽
|
| Note
|
† - distinguishes male gender from gender-neutral term
|
Etymology 3
Japanese
Kanji
息
(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
- breath
- live
- give birth
- nurture
- spread, multiply
- rest
- come to an end
Readings
Compounds
Etymology 1
| For pronunciation and definitions of 息 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 息, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
|
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 息 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 息, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.)
|
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 息 (MC sik). Recorded as Middle Korean 식〮 (sík) (Yale: sik) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource
息 (eumhun 숨쉴 식 (sumswil sik))
- hanja form? of 식 (“breath”)
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Okinawan
Kanji
息
(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
Readings
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 息 (iki).
Noun
息 (īchi)
- breath
Derived terms
- 一息 (chuīchi, “a single breath, puff; a pause; a small effort”)
Vietnamese
Han character
息: Hán Nôm readings: tức
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
