患

患 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 中中心 (LLP), four-corner 5033₆, composition ⿱串心)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 388, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10691
• Dae Jaweon: page 721, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2300, character 9
• Unihan data for U+60A3

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡroːns) : phonetic 串 (OC *kroːns, *kʰjons) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Since Shuowen does not have the character 串, it interprets the character as phonetic 吅 (OC *qʰon, *sqʰon, *sɢoŋs) + semantic 丨 + semantic 心 (“heart”) – to pierce through something from the heart. Duan Yucai claims in his commentary that older copies of Shuowen actually have phonetic 毌 (OC *koːn, *koːns, “to pierce through”) + semantic 心 (“heart”) instead.

患

1. to contract (an illness); to suffer from; to be afflicted with
2. disease; illness
3. to worry; to feel anxious

   • 子曰：「不患人之不己知，患不知人也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Bù huàn rén zhī bù jǐ zhī, huàn bùzhī rén yě.”

     The Master said, "I will not be afflicted at men's not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know men."

4. disaster; calamity; catastrophe

   水患  ―  shuǐhuàn  ―  flood

   有備無患／有备无患  ―  yǒubèiwúhuàn  ―  preparedness averts peril

• (to contract an illness):

• (disease):

• (to worry):

• (disaster):

• “患”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “患”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

(Jōyō kanji)

1. afflicted

• Go-on: げん (gen)
• Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
• Kun: わずらう (wazurau, 患う, Jōyō)、うれえる (ureeru, 患える)、うれい (urei, 患い)

From Middle Chinese 患 (MC hwaenH).

• (Tokyo) かん (Atamadaka – )^[1]
• IPA^(key):

患(かん) • (kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)?}

1. worry; suffer
2. afflicted

患(かん) • (kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)?}

1. trouble; worries; pain
2. illness; sickness

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

患

Wikisource

患 (eumhun 근심 환 (geunsim hwan))

1. hanja form^? of 환 (“worry”)

患: Hán Nôm readings: hoạn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.