態

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See also: 态 and 熊
態 U+614B, 態
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-614B
← 慊
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 慌 →

Translingual

Han character

態 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈心心 (IPP), four-corner 21331, composition ⿱能心)

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 398, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11052
  • Dae Jaweon: page 737, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2335, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+614B

Chinese

trad. 態
simp. 态
alternative forms 㑷
𱞄
⿰亻𫧇

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 態
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (能) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
態 *n̥ʰɯːs
能 *nɯː, *nɯːs, *nɯːŋ, *nɯːŋʔ
螚 *nɯːs
褦 *nɯːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *n̥ʰɯːs) : phonetic 能 (OC *nɯː, *nɯːs, *nɯːŋ, *nɯːŋʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”) – one’s heart-felt attitude.

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-nyaŋ (“can; be able to”); see 能 (OC *nɯː, *nɯːs, *nɯːŋ, *nɯːŋʔ, “able, capable”) for more.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 態
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他代切
Baxter thojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰəiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰəjH/
Li
Rong 		/tʰᴀiH/
Wang
Li 		/tʰɒiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/tʰɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		toi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 態
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tài
Middle
Chinese 		‹ thojH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥ˁə-s/
English bearing, manner

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 態
Reading # 1/1
No. 9410
Phonetic
component 		能
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		貸
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥ʰɯːs/

Definitions

態

  1. condition; state
  2. form; shape
  3. manner; bearing; attitude
  4. situation; posture
  5. (grammar) voice; diathesis

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

態

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
  • Kun: さま (sama, 態)、わざと (wazato, 態と)

Noun

態(たい) • (tai) 

  1. (grammar) voice - a particular mode of inflecting or conjugating verbs, or a particular form of a verb, by means of which is indicated the relation of the subject of the verb to the action which the verb expresses.

Suffix

態(たい) • (-tai) 

  1. (grammar) voice, diathesis

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

態 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay)

  1. manner, bearing, attitude

Vietnamese

Han character

態: Hán Nôm readings: thái, thói

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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