所以

所以

1. therefore; so; consequently

   明天要考試了，所以我今天只能留在家裡複習功課。 [MSC, trad.]
   明天要考试了，所以我今天只能留在家里复习功课。 [MSC, simp.]

   Míngtiān yào kǎoshì le, suǒyǐ wǒ jīntiān zhǐ néng liú zài jiālǐ fùxí gōngkè.

   I have a test tomorrow, so I have to stay at home today and review my homework.

   他是南方人，所以一張口說話就帶有南方口音。 [MSC, trad.]
   他是南方人，所以一张口说话就带有南方口音。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā shì nánfāngrén, suǒyǐ yī zhāngkǒu shuōhuà jiù dàiyǒu nánfāng kǒuyīn.

   He is from the South, so when he opens his mouth to speak, you can hear his Southern accent.

   今天是你奶奶的生辰，所以你非來不可。 [MSC, trad.]
   今天是你奶奶的生辰，所以你非来不可。 [MSC, simp.]

   Jīntiān shì nǐ nǎinai de shēngchén, suǒyǐ nǐ fēi lái bùkě.

   It's your grandma's birthday today, so you've got to attend.

2. Used in the first part of a sentence to indicate a reason that will be explained in the second part of the sentence.

   我所以要反對這個計畫，是因為我覺得其中有不少疏漏。 [MSC, trad.]
   我所以要反对这个计画，是因为我觉得其中有不少疏漏。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ suǒyǐ yào fǎnduì zhège jìhuà, shì yīnwèi wǒ juéde qízhōng yǒu bùshào shūlòu.

   My reason for opposing this plan, is because I feel that there are quite a few holes in it.

• (therefore):

所以

1. (literary) the means (literally, "what one uses") by which; how

   • 君子不以其所以養人者害人。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     君子不以其所以养人者害人。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Jūnzǐ bù yǐ qí suǒyǐ yǎngrén zhě hàirén.

     ruler does not injure his people with that wherewith he nourishes them.

   • 夫人所以貴者，乃此男也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夫人所以贵者，乃此男也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Fūrén suǒyǐ guì zhě, nǎi cǐ nán yě.

     Madame, the means through which you attain your destined status will be none but this son of yours.

2. (literary) the manner in which; how

   • 不患無位，患所以立。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     不患无位，患所以立。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Bù huàn wú wèi, huàn suǒyǐ lì.

     I am not concerned that I have no place; I am concerned how I may fit myself for one.

3. (literary) the reason why; why

   所以然  ―  suǒyǐrán  ―  the reason why it is what it is

   之所以  ―  zhīsuǒyǐ  ―  the reason why (chiefly used between subject and predicate)

   • 斯民也，三代之所以直道而行也。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Sī mín yě, sāndài zhīsuǒyǐ zhídào ér xíng yě.

     This people supplied the ground why the three dynasties pursued the path of straightforwardness.

   • 所以不報謝者，以為小禮無所用。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     所以不报谢者，以为小礼无所用。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Suǒyǐ bù bàoxiè zhě, yǐwéi xiǎo lǐ wú suǒyòng.

     The reason why I have not sought to repay your favour in gratitude is that I do not believe such petty courtesy is of any use to you.

所以

1. (literary) proper behaviour; manners

   忘乎所以  ―  wànghūsuǒyǐ  ―  to lose self-control (literally, "to forget how one should conduct oneself")

• 蔡俊明 , editor (1991), “所以 so˥˧꜔꜒ i~˥˧꜕꜖”, in 潮州方言詞滙 / 潮州方言词滙 (Cháozhōu fāngyán cíhuì), 香港 : 香港中文大學 / 香港中文大学

Shift from ゆえになり (yue ni nari) → ゆえんなり (yue n nari) → ゆえん (yue-n). See ゆえ (yue).^[1][2][3] The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).

• (Tokyo) ゆえん (Heiban – )^[3]
• IPA^(key):

所以(ゆえん) • (yuen) ^{←ゆゑん (yuwen)?}

1. reason, grounds