持つ

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Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
有つ

Etymology

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *mətu.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「持つ
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
持つ
Imperative (命令形) 持て
Key constructions
Passive 持たれる たれ
Causative 持たせる たせ
Potential 持てる
Volitional 持とう
Negative 持たない ない
Negative perfective 持たなかった なかった
Formal 持ちます ちま
Perfective 持った った
Conjunctive 持って って
Hypothetical conditional 持てば てば

Verb

() (motsutransitive godan (stem () (mochi), past ()った (motta))

  1. to hold, to carry something
    コートを()ちましょうか。
    Kōto o mochimashō ka.
    Shall I hold your coat?
  2. to have, to possess
    パスポートは()った
    Pasupōto wa motta?
    Have you got your passport?
    (かね)をいくら()っていますか。
    O-kane o ikura motte imasu ka.
    How much money do you have?
    (わたし)はお(かね)()っていない。
    Watashi wa o-kane o motte inai.
    I don't have any money.
    自転車(じてんしゃ)()っていない。
    Jitensha o motte inai.
    I don't have a bicycle.
    (くるま)()っていませんが、自転車(じてんしゃ)なら()っています。
    Kuruma wa motte imasen ga, jitensha nara motte imasu.
    I don't have a car, but I have a bicycle.
  3. to hold up, to maintain
    精神(せいしん)()たない
    seishin ga motanai
    can't withstand the pressure
    心臓(しんぞう)()たない
    shinzō ga motanai
    my heart can't take it

Synonyms

Conjugation

Idioms

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN