改革

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Chinese

to change; to alter; to transform
to change; to alter; to transform; to correct
 
 leather; remove
simp. and trad.
(改革) 		改 革

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 改 革
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 咍 (41) 麥 (119)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I II
Fanqie 古亥切 古核切
Baxter kojX keak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʌiX/ /kˠɛk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kəiX/ /kᵚæk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kɒiX/ /kɐk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kəjX/ /kəɨjk̚/
Li
Rong 		/kᴀiX/ /kɛk̚/
Wang
Li 		/kɒiX/ /kæk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kɑ̆iX/ /kæk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		gǎi ge
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		goi2 gak1

Verb

改革

  1. to reform
    實現改革／实现改革  ―  shíxiàn gǎigé  ―  to realize reform
    深化改革  ―  shēnhuà gǎigé  ―  to deepen reform
    促進改革／促进改革  ―  cùjìn gǎigé  ―  to promote reform
    改革的先聲／改革的先声  ―  gǎigé de xiānshēng  ―  herald of reform
    實施改革方案／实施改革方案  ―  shíshī gǎigé fāng'àn  ―  to implement a reform plan
  2. (Classical) to change

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (改革):

See also

Japanese

Kanji in this term
改 革
かい
Grade: 4 		かく
Grade: 6
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

改(かい)革(かく) • (kaikaku) 

  1. reform, improvement

Synonyms

Verb

改(かい)革(かく)する • (kaikaku suru) suru (stem 改(かい)革(かく)し (kaikaku shi), past 改(かい)革(かく)した (kaikaku shita))

  1. reform

Conjugation

Conjugation of "改革する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 改革し かいかくし kaikaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 改革し かいかくし kaikaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 改革する かいかくする kaikaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 改革する かいかくする kaikaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 改革すれ かいかくすれ kaikaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 改革せよ¹
改革しろ² 		かいかくせよ¹
かいかくしろ² 		kaikaku seyo¹
kaikaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 改革される かいかくされる kaikaku sareru
Causative 改革させる
改革さす 		かいかくさせる
かいかくさす 		kaikaku saseru
kaikaku sasu
Potential 改革できる かいかくできる kaikaku dekiru
Volitional 改革しよう かいかくしよう kaikaku shiyō
Negative 改革しない かいかくしない kaikaku shinai
Negative continuative 改革せず かいかくせず kaikaku sezu
Formal 改革します かいかくします kaikaku shimasu
Perfective 改革した かいかくした kaikaku shita
Conjunctive 改革して かいかくして kaikaku shite
Hypothetical conditional 改革すれば かいかくすれば kaikaku sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
改革

Noun

改革 • (gaehyeok) (hangeul 개혁)

  1. hanja form? of 개혁 (“reform”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
改革

Noun

改革

  1. chữ Hán form of cải cách (“reform”).
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