敝

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敝 U+655D, 敝
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-655D
← 敜
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 敞 →

Translingual

Han character

敝 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 火月人大 (FBOK), four-corner 98240, composition ⿰㡀攵)

Derived terms

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 472, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13245
  • Dae Jaweon: page 824, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1461, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+655D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 敝
alternative forms 㡀

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 敝
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (敝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蔽 *peds
鄨 *peds, *ped
鷩 *peds, *ped
彆 *peds, *peːd
潎 *pʰeds, *pʰed
斃 *beds, *bed
敝 *beds, *bed
幣 *beds
弊 *beds
鱉 *ped
虌 *ped
憋 *ped, *pʰed, *peːd
瞥 *pʰed, *pʰeːd
鐅 *pʰed, *pʰeːd
嫳 *bed, *pʰeːd
撇 *pʰeːd
撆 *pʰeːd
暼 *pʰeːd
蹩 *beːd
襒 *beːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *beds, *bed) : phonetic 巾 (OC *krɯn) + semantic 攴; then, the left component evolved into 㡀, in which the points around the cloth represent dust and/or dirt.

The glyph represents the idea of beating a cloth with a stick to clean it from the dust.

Similar but unrelated to 黹.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 敝
Mandarin Beijing /pi⁵¹/
Harbin /pi⁵³/
Tianjin /pi⁵³/
Jinan /pi²¹/
Qingdao /pi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pi³¹²/
Xi'an /pi⁴⁴/
Xining /pji²¹³/
Yinchuan /pi¹³/
Lanzhou /pi¹³/
Ürümqi /pi²¹³/
Wuhan /pi³⁵/
Chengdu /pi¹³/
Guiyang /pi⁴²/
Kunming /pi²¹²/
Nanjing /pi⁴⁴/
Hefei /pz̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /pi⁴⁵/
Pingyao
Hohhot /pi⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /bi²³/
Suzhou /bi³¹/
Hangzhou /bi¹³/
Wenzhou /bei²²/
Hui Shexian /pi³²⁴/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /pei⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /pəi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /pʰi²¹/
Hakka Meixian /pi⁵³/
Taoyuan /pi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pɐi²²/
Nanning /pi²²/
Hong Kong /pɐi²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pe²²/
/pe²¹/ 俗
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pɛi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pi⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /pi³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbi³³/
Rime
Character 敝
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 祭 (35)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 毗祭切
Baxter bjiejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/biᴇiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/biɛiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bjæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/biajH/
Li
Rong 		/biɛiH/
Wang
Li 		/bĭɛiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯ɛiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bai6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 敝
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjiejH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*e-s/
English destroy; worn out

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 敝 敝
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 633 645
Phonetic
component 		敝 敝
Rime
group 		祭 月
Rime
subdivision 		2 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		獘 獘
Old
Chinese 		/*beds/ /*bed/

Definitions

敝

  1. (polite) my; our
  2. (literary) worn-out; shabby; tattered
  3. (literary) decayed; corrupted
  4. † tired; fatigued
  5. † to fail; to be defeated
  6. † to break; to destroy
  7. † Alternative form of 弊 (bì, “fault; defect; drawback”)
  8. † Alternative form of 蔽 (bì, “to cover; to shield; to deceive”)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

敝

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

  • Go-on: べ (be)
  • Kan-on: へい (hei)
  • Kun: やぶれる (yabureru)

Korean

Hanja

敝 (eum 폐 (pye))

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Vietnamese

Han character

敝: Hán Nôm readings: tệ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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