散る

From Old Japanese.^[1] Appears in the Kojiki, completed 712 CE.

• (Tokyo) ちる (Heiban – )^[3][4][2]
• IPA^(key):

• (Kyoto) ちる  (Kōki – )^[2]

散(ち)る • (chiru) intransitive godan (stem 散(ち)り (chiri), past 散(ち)った (chitta))

1. to become separated and scatter, such as leaves or blossoms
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 5, poem 798:

     伊毛何美斯 阿布知乃波那波 知利奴倍斯 和何那久那美多 伊摩陀飛那久尓

     いもがみし あふちのはなは ちりぬべし わがなくなみた いまだひなくに
     imo ga mi shi afuchi no hana wa chirinu beshi wa ga naku namita ima da hi naku ni

• (fall): 落(お)ちる (ochiru)
• (fall): 落下(らっか)する (rakka suru)

From Old Japanese.^[1] Appears in the Kojiki, completed 712 CE. Currently obsolete.

Cognate with 荒い (arai, “rough, harsh”), 荒れる (areru, “to become wild, rough, unkempt, dilapidated; to be violent, crazy, wild, disordered”).

• IPA^(key):

散(あ)る • (aru) intransitive ^†nidan

1. (obsolete) to become scattered
2. (obsolete) to become distant, to fade away, to wane

From Old Japanese.^[1] Appears in the Kagerō Nikki, dated 974 CE. Currently obsolete.

Plural counterpart to 分かる (wakaru, “one thing separates from another”), implying more a sense of scatter (as of many things). Intransitive counterpart to 散つ (akatsu, “to separate or scatter multiple things”), itself the plural counterpart to 分かつ (wakatsu, “to separate one thing from another”). Compare underlying root verbs aku (明く, 開く, 空く: "to open, to spread, to empty") and waku (分く, 別く: "to split, to divide").

• (Tokyo) あかる (Nakadaka – )^[5]
• IPA^(key):

散(あか)る • (akaru) intransitive ^†nidan

1. (obsolete) to scatter, to become dispersed