敬

敬 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+9 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 攴+8 in mainland China and Japanese, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿口人大 (TROK), four-corner 4864₀, composition ⿰苟攵(GJKV) or ⿰茍攵(HT))

• 儆, 𠧂, 𫱻, 𢢩, 擏, 𤀂, 曔, 㯳, 璥, 䜘, 𩼃, 𫄿, 𭋆, 𭘷, 㢣, 𢐧, 憼, 擎, 檠, 𭶍, 蟼, 警, 驚

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 473, character 35
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13285
• Dae Jaweon: page 826, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1466, character 2
• Unihan data for U+656C

• Unihan data for U+2F8C9

Historical forms of the character 敬
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Possibly ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 茍 (“kneeling person or sitting dog”) + 攴 (“hand holding a stick, authority”).

Cognate with 驚 (OC *kreŋ, “to be afraid; to scare”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Taishanese Yue”

敬

1. to respect; to honor
2. to present; to offer (alcohol, food, cigarettes, tea, etc.)
3. (literary, or in compounds) to concentrate completely on; to devote oneself to; to focus all of one's attention on
4. (literary, or in compounds) respectful; deferential (Can we add an example for this sense?)
5. a surname

• (to respect):

• (to concentrate completely on):

• (respectful):

• (antonym(s) of “to respect”): 鄙 (bǐ)

Others:

• → Zhuang: gingq

• “敬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “Entry #9524”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
• Kun: うやまう (uyamau, 敬う, Jōyō)
• Nanori: け (ke)、たか (taka)、たかし (takashi)、たけ (take)、とし (toshi)、のり (nori)、ひろ (hiro)、ゆき (yuki)、よし (yoshi)

From Middle Chinese 敬 (kjæng^H, “respectful”).

• IPA^(key):

敬(けい) • (kei) 

1. respect, honor, reverence

Used in kanji compounds. Not used in isolation except as a suru verb.^[1][2] See 敬する.

• 敬(けい)する (kei suru): to respect, to esteem

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 敬う (uyamau, “to respect, to esteem”).^[1][2]

• 敬(うやま)い (uyamai)

• IPA^(key):

敬(うやまい) • (uyamai) 

1. respect, esteem

More commonly spelled as 敬い with the okurigana.

Used as ateji in various names.

敬(たかし) • (Takashi) 

1. a male given name

敬 (eumhun 공경할 경 (gonggyeonghal gyeong))

1. hanja form^? of 경 (“respect, honor”)
2. hanja form^? of 경 (“respectfully”)

敬: Hán Việt readings: kính (居(cư)慶(khánh)切(thiết))^[1][2][3][4]
敬: Nôm readings: kính^[1][2][4][5], kỉnh^[2], kinh^[6]

1. chữ Hán form of kính (“to respect”).