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U+65AC, 斬
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65AC

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 69, +7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十十竹一中 (JJHML), four-corner 52021, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 479, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13555
  • Dae Jaweon: page 838, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2024, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+65AC

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Etymology 1

Pronunciation


Note:
  • chám - literary;
  • cháⁿ - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂan²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂan²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡san¹³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂã⁵⁵/
Qingdao /t͡sã⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂan⁵³/
Xi'an /t͡sã⁵³/
Xining /t͡sã⁵³/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂan⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡san⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡san⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡san⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡san⁴²/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂã̠⁵³³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂaŋ²¹²/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂæ̃²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sæ̃⁵³/
Pingyao /t͡sɑŋ⁵³/
/t͡sɑ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡sæ̃⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡se³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡se̞⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡sẽ̞⁵³/
Wenzhou /t͡sa³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡sɛ³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡sɔ³¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡san⁴¹/
Xiangtan /t͡san⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡san²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sam³¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sɑm³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sam³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sɛm³⁵/
/t͡sam³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sam³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sam⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡saŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡saŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰam⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tam²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (18)
Final () (151)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter tsreamX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ʃˠɛmX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʈ͡ʂᵚæmX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ʃɐmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʈ͡ʂəɨmX/
Li
Rong
/t͡ʃɐmX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ʃɐmX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʈ͡ʂămX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zaam2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhǎn
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsrɛmX ›
Old
Chinese
/*ramʔ/
English cut off

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16796
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔsreːmʔ/

Definitions

  1. to cut; to hack; to chop (with a large blade, forcefully)
    叉燒 [Cantonese, trad.]
    叉烧 [Cantonese, simp.]
    zaam2 caa1 siu1, zaam2 gai1
    to cut char siu; to cut chicken
    [Cantonese]  ―  zaam2 syu6   ―  to fell a tree
    [Cantonese]  ―  zaam2 sei2 jan4   ―  to hack a person to death
  2. to behead (as punishment); to chop the waist
  3. a surname: Zhan
Synonyms
  • (to cut):

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Vietnamese: trảm ()

Others:

References

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

  1. (Hokkien) Alternative form of

Japanese

Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. beheading
  2. kill, murder
  3. cut
  4. slay, slaying

Readings

  • Go-on: せん (sen)
  • Kan-on: さん (san)
  • Kan’yō-on: ざん (zan, Jōyō)
  • Kun: きる (kiru, 斬る, Jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

(cham) (hangeul , revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: trảm, chém

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.