暫

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See also: 暂
暫 U+66AB, 暫
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66AB
← 暪
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 暬 →

Translingual

Han character

暫 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 十中日 (JLA), four-corner 52602, composition ⿱斬日)

  1. temporary

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 499, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14120
  • Dae Jaweon: page 868, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1533, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+66AB

Chinese

trad. 暫
simp. 暂
alternative forms 蹔

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 暫
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (斬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
慚 *zaːm
慙 *zaːm
鏨 *zaːm, *zaːmʔ, *zaːms, *zeːm, *zamʔ
槧 *zaːmʔ, *sʰam, *sʰams, *zamʔ
暫 *zaːms
蹔 *zaːms
斬 *ʔsreːmʔ
獑 *zeːm, *zaːm
嶃 *zreːmʔ, *zaːm
覱 *ʔsraːms
摲 *sʰraːms
漸 *ʔsam, *zamʔ
塹 *sʰams
壍 *sʰams
嬱 *sʰams
螹 *zam, *zamʔ
蔪 *zamʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zaːms) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 日.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chām - literary;
  • chiām - vernacular.
Rime
Character 暫
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 談 (143)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 藏濫切
Baxter dzamH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡zɑmH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡zɑmH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zɑmH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡zamH/
Li
Rong 		/d͡zɑmH/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zɑmH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱɑmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zaam6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 暫
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzamH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ˁam-s/
English suddenly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 暫
Reading # 1/1
No. 16793
Phonetic
component 		斬
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		暫
Old
Chinese 		/*zaːms/

Definitions

暫

  1. brief; momentary
    短暫／短暂  ―  duǎnzàn  ―  brief; momentary
  2. temporarily; tentatively; for the time being
    暫別／暂别  ―  zànbié  ―  to part temporarily
  3. (literary) just; just now
  4. (literary) suddenly

Synonyms

  • (just):
  • (suddenly):

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

暫

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. temporary, transient

Readings

  • Go-on: ざん (zan, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: さん (san)
  • Kun: しばらく (shibaraku, 暫く)

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 暫 (MC dzamH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 짬〮 (Yale: ccám)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 잠ᄭᅡᆫ (Yale: cam-s-kan) 잠 (Yale: cam)

Pronunciation

  • (temporary; etc.):
  • (in 잠시 (暫時, jamsi, “a moment”)):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
    • Phonetic hangul:
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

暫 (eumhun 잠깐 잠 (jamkkan jam))

  1. hanja form? of 잠 (“temporary”)

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

暫: Hán Nôm readings: tạm

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Compounds

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Sagapedia