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U+66C9, 曉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66C9

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified

Han character

(Kangxi radical 72, +12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 日土土山 (AGGU), four-corner 64011, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 500, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14176
  • Dae Jaweon: page 870, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1535, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+66C9

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *hŋeːwʔ) : semantic (sun) + phonetic (OC *ŋeːw).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • hiao2 - Shantou;
  • hiou2 - Chaozhou.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ɕiɑu²¹⁴/
Harbin /ɕiau²¹³/
Tianjin /ɕiɑu¹³/
Jinan /ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ɕiau⁵³/
Xi'an /ɕiau⁵³/
Xining /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Yinchuan /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɔ⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ɕiɔ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiau⁴²/
Chengdu /ɕiau⁵³/
Guiyang /ɕiao⁴²/
Kunming /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Nanjing /ɕiɔo²¹²/
Hefei /ɕiɔ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiau⁵³/
Pingyao /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Hohhot /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ɕiɔ³⁵/
Suzhou /ɕiæ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Wenzhou /ɕa³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ɕiɔ³⁵/
Tunxi /ɕio³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕiau⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ɕiaɯ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛu²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /hiau³¹/
Taoyuan /hiɑu³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hiu³⁵/
Nanning /hiu³⁵/
Hong Kong /hiu³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hiau⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hieu³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xiau²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /hiau⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hiau²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (32)
Final () (93)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter xewX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/heuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/heuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/xeuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/hɛwX/
Li
Rong
/xeuX/
Wang
Li
/xieuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/xieuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hiu2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiǎo
Middle
Chinese
‹ xewX ›
Old
Chinese
/*qʰˁewʔ/
English understand

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14699
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*hŋeːwʔ/

Definitions

  1. dawn; daybreak
      ―  xiǎo  ―  dawn, daybreak; to dawn
  2. to know; to understand; to get
      ―  tōngxiǎo  ―  to thoroughly understand
  3. (Hakka, including Huiyang Hakka, Huicheng dialect) will; would
  4. a surname

Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. Kyūjitai form of

Readings

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
S
jōyō kanji
(This term, , is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC xewX).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 새벽 (saebyeok hyo))

  1. hanja form? of (dawn)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Old Japanese

Etymology

From 明か (aka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, incomplete form) of verb 明く (aku), “to open) +‎ (to2ki1, time, moment, hour).[1][2]

Noun

(akato2ki1) (kana あかとき)

  1. the dawn, daybreak
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 18, poem 4084:
      , text here
      安可登吉爾名能里奈久奈流保登等藝須伊夜米豆良之久於毛保由流香母
      akato2ki1 ni nano2ri nakunaru poto2to2gi1su iya medurasiku omopoyuru ka mo
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Japanese: (akatsuki)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: hẻo, hểu, hiểu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.