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U+6715, 朕
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6715

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 74, +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月廿大 (BTK), four-corner 78234, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 505, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14361
  • Dae Jaweon: page 884, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2071, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6715

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𦩎
𣍹
𦨶
“omen”
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Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Simplified from 𦩎 ( and ), corruption of an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (boat) + (item) + (two hands), seen in the oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions, originally meaning “to mend a boat”. It was later borrowed to be used as a first-person pronoun.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (11)
Final () (140)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter drimX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɖˠiɪmX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖᵚimX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȡiemX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖjimX/
Li
Rong
/ȡjəmX/
Wang
Li
/ȡĭĕmX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȡʱi̯əmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zam6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhèn
Middle
Chinese
‹ drimX ›
Old
Chinese
/*lrəmʔ/
English I, we, our

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17110
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*l'ɯmʔ/

Definitions

  1. (imperial) I; my (similar to the royal we; reserved for use by the emperor since the Qin Dynasty)
  2. (literary) omen; sign
  3. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𠹻 (zam6, classifier for smells)

Usage notes

  • In modern Chinese slang, sense 1 may sometimes be used ironically and humorously to refer to oneself.

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (ちん) (chin)
  • Korean: 짐(朕) (jim)
  • Vietnamese: trẫm ()

Japanese

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1]

朕󠄂
+&#xE0102;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
朕󠄄
+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
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Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. (imperial) I (similar to the royal we)

Readings

Pronunciation

Pronoun

(ちん) (chin

  1. (imperial) I, me (similar to the royal we)
    (ちん)国家(こっか)なり
    Chin wa kokka nari
    I am the state.

Usage notes

After the Second World War, this pronoun has fallen out of use. Since then, the emperors of Japan refer to themselves with the pronoun (わたくし) (watakushi).

References

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1091 (paper), page 596 (digital)
  2. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC drimX). Recorded as Middle Korean 띰〯 (Yale: ttǐm) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (na jim))

  1. (imperial) hanja form? of (I; me) (similar to the royal we)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: trẫm
: Nôm readings: trũm, chũm

  1. (imperial) chữ Hán form of trẫm (I; me). (similar to the royal we)