札

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See also: 箚
札 U+672D, 札
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-672D
← 本
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 朮 →

Translingual

Stroke order
5 strokes

Han character

札 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 木山 (DU), four-corner 42910, composition ⿰木乚)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 509, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14422
  • Dae Jaweon: page 893, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1153, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+672D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 札

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 札
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (乙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
劜 *qreːd
札 *sqriːd
扎 *sqriːd
蚻 *ʔsriːd
紮 *ʔsriːd
軋 *qriːd
圠 *qriːd
穵 *qriːd, *qʷriːd
挖 *qʷriːd
鳦 *qriːd, *qrid
耴 *ŋrid, *teb
乙 *qriɡ
肊 *qrɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sqriːd) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 乚 (OC *qriɡ). It represents a thinly shaved wooden tag and, by extension, a tag or document on which characters are written.[1]

References

  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Etymology

“to die prematurely; pestilence; to die from pestilence”
The commentary to the Rites of Zhou by Zheng Xuan says that it is the word for “to die” in the ancient Yue (越) language, so it is possibly from Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *kc(ə)t (“to die”) (whence Proto-Vietic *k-ceːt > Vietnamese chết) (Norman and Mei, 1976; Schuessler, 2007).
Sagart (2008) doubts this etymology, pointing out that this word has been attested in classical texts that are not necessarily connected to Yue or the South. He instead proposes that this word may be a Chinese loan in Yue or the regular word for “to die” in the variety of Chinese spoken in the Yue region.

Pronunciation

Note: zag4 - Shantou, Chenghai.
Rime
Character 札
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 莊 (18)
Final (韻) 鎋 (75)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 側八切
Baxter tsreat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ʃˠɛt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈ͡ʂᵚæt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ʃæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈ͡ʂəɨt̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ʃɛt̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ʃæt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʈ͡ʂat̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zha
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zaat3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 札
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhá
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsrɛt ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s-qˁrət/
English strip (n.), tablet

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 札
Reading # 1/1
No. 14910
Phonetic
component 		乙
Rime
group 		質
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		札
Old
Chinese 		/*sqriːd/

Definitions

札

  1. letter; note
  2. correspondence
  3. † to die prematurely
  4. † pestilence
  5. † to die from pestilence
  6. † small wooden strip for writing

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

札

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. bill
  2. card

Readings

  • Go-on: せち (sechi)
  • Kan-on: さつ (satsu, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ふだ (fuda, 札, Jōyō)、ふみた (fumita, 札)、ふんだ (funda, 札)、さね (sane, 札)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
札
さつ
Grade: 4
on'yomi

/satu/ → /sat͡su/

From Middle Chinese 札 (MC tsreat).

Pronunciation

Noun

札(さつ) • (satsu) 

  1. paper money, a bill, a (bank) note
Synonyms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
札
ふだ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
簡

/pumi ita/ → /ɸumita/ → /ɸunda/ → /ɸuda/

Originally a compound of 文(ふみ) (fumi, “writing”) + 板(いた) (ita, “board, plank”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Noun

札(ふだ) or 札(ふみだ) or 札(ふんだ) • (fuda or fumida or funda) 

  1. a card, a plate, a tag
  2. playing card
    一組(ひとくみ)の札(ふだ)
    hitokumi no fuda
    a deck of cards
Derived terms
Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

札 • (chal) (hangeul 찰, revised chal, McCune–Reischauer ch'al, Yale chal)

  1. letter

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

札: Hán Nôm readings: trát, trớt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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