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毒 . In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
毒 , but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
毒 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
毒 you have here. The definition of the word
毒 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
毒 , as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
毒 (Kangxi radical 80, 毋 +4, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Japanese , 9 strokes in simplified Chinese , cangjie input 手一田卜戈 (QMWYI ), four-corner 50507 , composition ⿱龶 母 (G K V ) or ⿱龶 毋 (H T J ))
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 589 , character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16730
Dae Jaweon: page 981, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2382, character 5
Unihan data for U+6BD2
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
瑇
*dɯːɡs, *duːɡ
纛
*duːɡs, *duːɡ
碡
*doːɡ, *duːɡ, *duɡ
毒
*l'uːɡ
蝳
*duːɡ
Pictogram (象形 ) - a woman wearing a feathered ornament - original form of 纛 (OC *duːɡs, *duːɡ ). If this is the correct interpretation, see also 每 .
Alternatively, Li Xueqin (2012) proposes it is a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *l'uːɡ ) : semantic 屮 ( “ vegetation ” ) + phonetic 毐 ( OC *ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ) , meaning "a type of poisonous plant."
Etymology
“poison”
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *duk ~ tuk ( “ poison; to poison ” ) . Cognate with Tibetan དུག ( dug , “ poison; toxin ” ) , གདུག ( gdug ) , གདུག་པ ( gdug pa , “ vicious; evil; poisonous ” ) , Burmese တောက် ( tauk , “ to suffer from toxicity; to be ill; to be poisonous ” ) .
“to poison” (Pronunciation 2)
A departing tone variant, meaning “to poison”, is preserved in southern varieties, including Cantonese, Hakka, Min, southern Gan, and southern Wu. It is derived from the sense “poison” with the *–s suffix in Old Chinese.
“nerdy”
Derived from 毒撚 .
Pronunciation 1
Note : duk1 - only used in the phonetic transcription
身毒 (“India”).
Note :
dù - literary;
tū - vernacular.
Note :
dŭk - literary;
dĕ̤k - vernacular.
Note :
dorh7 - literary;
dah7 - vernacular.
Note :
to̍k - literary (“poison; cruel; fierce”);
ta̍k - vernacular.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
毒
Reading #
1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
dú
Middle Chinese
‹ dowk ›
Old Chinese
/*ˁuk/
English
poison (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
毒
Reading #
1/1
No.
2486
Phonetic component
毒
Rime group
覺
Rime subdivision
1
Corresponding MC rime
毒
Old Chinese
/*l'uːɡ/
Definitions
毒
poison ; toxin ; venom ; bane
有毒 ― yǒudú ― poisonous
† calamity ; disaster ; trouble
† pain ; suffering
† crime ; evil
to poison ; to administer poison to
毒 死蟑螂 ― dú sǐ zhāngláng ― to kill cockroaches with poison
† to harm ; to injure
† to hate ; to resent
† Alternative form of 督 ( dū , “ to manage ; to govern ” )
poisonous ; noxious
毒 蛇 ― dú shé ― venomous snake
毒 氣/ 毒 气 ― dú qì ― poisonous gas
† heavy ; thick
( figurative ) pernicious influence ; harmful influence
餘毒 / 余毒 ― yúdú ― residual poison
severe ; fierce ; violent
外面 的 太陽 很 毒 。 [MSC , trad. ] 外面 的 太阳 很 毒 。 [MSC , simp. ] Wàimiàn de tàiyáng hěn dú . The sun outside is very fierce.
malicious ; cruel ; sinister
他 的 心腸 真 毒 !/ 他 的 心肠 真 毒 ! ― Tā de xīncháng zhēn dú ! ― How cruel is he!
( literary , or in compounds) narcotics ; narcotic drugs
吸毒 ― xīdú ― to take drugs (of illicit or recreational nature)
販毒 / 贩毒 ― fàndú ― to traffic in narcotics
( Hong Kong Cantonese ) nerdy
Synonyms
Compounds
Descendants
Others :
→ Vietnamese: thuốc ( “ drug ” )
→ Zhuang: doeg ( “ poison; to poison; evil ” )
Pronunciation 2
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
毒
Reading #
2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
dú
Middle Chinese
‹ dowk ›
Old Chinese
/*m-ˁuk-s/
English
to poison (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Definitions
毒
( Cantonese , Hakka , Min , colloquial ) to poison ; to administer poison to
Pronunciation 3
Definitions
毒
Used in 毒冒 , which is an alternative form of 玳瑁 ( dàimào )
Pronunciation 4
Definitions
毒
( Northern Wu ) Alternative form of 踱 ( 8doq , “ dumb,dull ” )
References
Japanese
Kanji
毒
(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji )
poison
Readings
Compounds
Pronunciation
Noun
毒( どく ) • (doku )
poison , toxin
References
^ Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute , editor (1998 ), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Tokyo : NHK Publishing, Inc. , →ISBN
Korean
Wikisource
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium . Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
Hanja
毒 (eumhun 독 독 ( dok dok ) )
hanja form? of 독 ( “ poison ” )
Compounds
Etymology 2
Hanja
毒 (eumhun 거북 대 ( geobuk dae ) )
Alternative form of 玳 ( “ hanja form? of 대 ( “ turtle ” ) ” )
Alternative form of 瑇 ( “ hanja form? of 대 ( “ turtle ” ) ” )
Vietnamese
Han character
毒 : Hán Nôm readings: độc , nọc
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