沈む

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
沈
しず
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「沈む」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		沈む しずむ
Imperative (命令形) 沈め しずめ
Key constructions
Passive 沈まれる しずまれる
Causative 沈ませる しずませる
Potential 沈める しずめる
Volitional 沈もう しずもー
Negative 沈まない しずまない
Negative perfective 沈まなかった しずまなかった
Formal 沈みます しずみます
Perfective 沈んだ しずんだ
Conjunctive 沈んで しずんで
Hypothetical conditional 沈めば しずめば

Verb

沈(しず)む • (shizumu) ←しづむ (sidumu)?intransitive godan (stem 沈(しず)み (shizumi), past 沈(しず)んだ (shizunda))

Japanese verb pair
active 沈める
mediopassive 沈む
  1. to sink; to go to the bottom
    Antonyms: 浮く (uku), 浮かぶ (ukabu)
  2. (of the celestial body) to set
    Antonym: 昇る (noboru)
  3. to be immersed
  4. to feel downcast, dejected, depressed
  5. to droop

Conjugation

Conjugation of "沈む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 沈ま しずま shizuma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 沈み しずみ shizumi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 沈む しずむ shizumu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 沈む しずむ shizumu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 沈め しずめ shizume
Meireikei ("imperative") 沈め しずめ shizume
Key constructions
Passive 沈まれる しずまれる shizumareru
Causative 沈ませる
沈ます 		しずませる
しずます 		shizumaseru
shizumasu
Potential 沈める しずめる shizumeru
Volitional 沈もう しずもう shizumō
Negative 沈まない しずまない shizumanai
Negative continuative 沈まず しずまず shizumazu
Formal 沈みます しずみます shizumimasu
Perfective 沈んだ しずんだ shizunda
Conjunctive 沈んで しずんで shizunde
Hypothetical conditional 沈めば しずめば shizumeba
Classical conjugation of "沈む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 沈ま しづま siduma
Continuative (連用形) 沈み しづみ sidumi
Terminal (終止形) 沈む しづむ sidumu
Attributive (連体形) 沈む しづむ sidumu
Realis (已然形) 沈め しづめ sidume
Imperative (命令形) 沈め しづめ sidume
Key constructions
Negative 沈まず しづまず sidumazu
Contrasting conjunction 沈めど しづめど sidumedo
Causal conjunction 沈めば しづめば sidumeba
Conditional conjunction 沈まば しづまば sidumaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 沈みき しづみき sidumiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 沈みけり しづみけり sidumikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 沈みつ しづみつ sidumitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 沈みぬ しづみぬ siduminu
Perfect-continuative tense 沈めり
沈みたり		 しづめり
しづみたり		 sidumeri
sidumitari
Volitional 沈まむ しづまむ sidumamu

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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