| ||||||||
| Traditional | 沉 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 沉 |
| Japanese | 沈 |
| Korean | 沈 |
沉 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水月竹弓 (EBHN) or 水月竹山 (EBHU), four-corner 37110, composition ⿰氵冗(GJKV) or ⿰氵⿱冖儿(HT))
| trad. | 沉 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 沉 | |
| alternative forms | 沈 | |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 冘 | *lu, *lum |
| 抌 | *lu, *ʔl'uːmʔ, *loʔ |
| 狖 | *lus |
| 貁 | *lus |
| 耽 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 眈 | *ʔl'uːm, *ʔl'uːmʔ, *l'uːm |
| 酖 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 妉 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 黕 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 衴 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 瓭 | *ʔl'uːmʔ |
| 馾 | *ʔl'uːms |
| 髧 | *l'uːmʔ |
| 紞 | *ʔl'oːmʔ |
| 鈂 | *zlum, *l'um |
| 沈 | *l'um, *l'ums, *hljumʔ |
| 沉 | *l'um |
| 枕 | *l'um, *ʔljumʔ, *ʔljums |
| 莐 | *l'um |
| 霃 | *l'um |
| 鴆 | *l'ums |
| 訦 | *ɦljum, *ɦljumʔ |
| 忱 | *ɦljum |
| 邥 | *hljumʔ |
| 魫 | *hljumʔ |
Variant of 沈, see there for more.
MSEA areal etymon: similar words exist in Austroasiatic, Kra-Dai, & Tibeto-Burman; yet those are difficult to match with potential OC relations (Schuessler, 2007).
Possible allofams are 淫 (OC *lɯm), 瀋 (OC *l̥ʰjɯmʔ), 函 (OC *ɡuːm, *ɡruːm), & 湛 (OC *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um) (ibid.).
| Variety | Location | 沉 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/ ～重 /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵³/ ～底 | |
| Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴⁵/ /t͡sʰən⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰẽ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /tʃʰə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂʰẽ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃n⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sʰən²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡sʰən³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡sʰen²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡sʰə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zəŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /zən¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /d͡zen²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /d͡zaŋ³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂən¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /d͡zən¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰɨn²⁴/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰəm¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /tʃʰem¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰɐm²¹/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sʰɐm²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sʰɐm²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tim³⁵/ /tiam³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰɛiŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /teiŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /tim⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /sim³¹/ /hiam³¹/ |
沉
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 重 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 重 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 沉, 重 |
| Taiwan | 重 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 沉, 重 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 沉, 重 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 重 |
| Wuhan | 重 | |
| Guilin | 重 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 重 |
| Hefei | 重 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 重 |
| Hong Kong | 重 | |
| Yangjiang | 重 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 重 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 重 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 重, 沉 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 重 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 重 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 重 |
| Quanzhou | 重 | |
| Zhangzhou | 重 | |
| Chaozhou | 重 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 重 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 重 |
| Wenzhou | 重 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 重 |
| Shuangfeng | 重 | |
{{rfdef}}.沉 • (chim, sim) (hangeul 침, 심, revised chim, sim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, sim, Yale chim, sim)
{{rfdef}}.沉: Hán Nôm readings: tròm, chằm, chìm, đắm, đẫm, ngằm, ngầm, trằm, trầm, đẵm
{{rfdef}}.