沖

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See also: 冲, 衝, and 盅
沖 U+6C96, 沖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C96
← 沕
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 沗 →

Translingual

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character

沖 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水中 (EL), four-corner 35106, composition ⿰氵中)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 611, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17209
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1004, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1565, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6C96

Chinese

trad. 沖/冲*
simp. 冲*

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 沖
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (中) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
中 *tuŋ, *tuŋs
忠 *tuŋ
衷 *tuŋ, *tuŋs
忡 *tʰuŋ
浺 *tʰuŋ
盅 *tʰuŋ, *duŋ, *tjoŋ
种 *duŋ
沖 *duŋ
翀 *duŋ
仲 *duŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *duŋ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 沖
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 東 (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 直弓切
Baxter drjuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖiuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡiuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖuwŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ȡiuŋ/
Wang
Li 		/ȡĭuŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱi̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cung4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 沖
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chōng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ drjuwng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ruŋ/
English sound of cutting ice

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 沖
Reading # 1/1
No. 17416
Phonetic
component 		中
Rime
group 		終
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		蟲
Old
Chinese 		/*duŋ/

Definitions

沖

  1. to pour water on; to rinse; to flush; to wash
    我覺得我得回家沖個澡。 [MSC, trad.]
    我觉得我得回家冲个澡。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ juéde wǒ děi huíjiā chōng ge zǎo.
    I think I'll go home and have a shower.
    許多房屋被洪水沖走了。 [MSC, trad.]
    许多房屋被洪水冲走了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Xǔduō fángwū bèi hóngshuǐ chōngzǒu le.
    A lot of houses were washed away by the flood.
    他用水沖了把臉，然後刷牙。 [MSC, trad.]
    他用水冲了把脸，然后刷牙。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā yòng shuǐ chōng le bǎ liǎn, ránhòu shuāyá.
    He splashed water on his face, then brushed his teeth.
    沖馬桶／冲马桶  ―  chōng mǎtǒng  ―  to flush the toilet
    沖廁所／冲厕所 [Cantonese]  ―  cung1 ci3 so2   ―  to flush the toilet
  2. to pour (boiling) water in
    沖茶／冲茶  ―  chōng chá  ―  to make tea
    給你的咖啡，按你的口味沖的。 [MSC, trad.]
    给你的咖啡，按你的口味冲的。 [MSC, simp.]
    Gěi nǐ de kāfēi, àn nǐ de kǒuwèi chōng de.
    Here's your coffee, just the way you like it.
  3. to soar; to rise; to shoot up
  4. to develop (a film)
    沖膠卷／冲胶卷  ―  chōng jiāojuǎn  ―  to develop a film
  5. to offset
    沖喜／冲喜  ―  chōngxǐ  ―  to arrange a "warding-off" wedding
  6. (dialectal) flatland in a mountainous area (Classifier: 個／个)
  7. Alternative form of 涌 (chōng, “small river”)
  8. a surname: Chong
  9. (Internet, slang, euphemistic) to masturbate (male)
    Derived from homophonic and metaphorical associations with "手沖" (pour-over) and "手銃" (hand cannon).

Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

沖

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
沖
おき
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 沖 – see the following entry.
【おき】
open sea
a surname
stem or continuative form of おく (oku)
Alternative spelling
澳
(This term, 沖, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

沖 • (chung) (hangeul 충, revised chung, McCune–Reischauer ch'ung, Yale chwung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

沖: Hán Nôm readings: trong, trùng, xung

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville
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