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in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Translingual
Han character
泥 (Kangxi radical 85, 水 +5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水尸心 (ESP ), four-corner 37111 , composition ⿰氵 尼 )
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 617 , character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17311
Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1595, character 8
Unihan data for U+6CE5
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
泥
*niːl, *niːls
屔
*niːl
苨
*niːlʔ
坭
*niːlʔ
迡
*niːls
埿
*braːms, *niːl, *niːls
旎
*nilʔ
狔
*nilʔ
抳
*nilʔ
尼
*nil
呢
*nil
怩
*nil
柅
*nil, *nilʔ
蚭
*nil
跜
*nil
秜
*nil
痆
*rniːd
昵
*niɡ
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *niːl, *niːls ) : semantic 氵 ( “ water ” ) + phonetic 尼 ( OC *nil) .
Etymology 1
Schuessler (2007) suggests it is of Sino-Tibetan origin and compares it to Lai ( nôoy-I, nǒoy-II , “ be muddy ” ) , which STEDT derives from Proto-Kuki-Chin *nooy ~ *naay ( “ muddy; dirty ” ) . According to Schuessler (2007) , 泥 (OC *niːl , “mud”) is also cognate with 濘 (OC *neːŋs ) but not with 涅 (OC *niːɡ ), and is distinct from 泥 (OC *niːls , “impeded”).
On the other hand, STEDT compares 泥 (OC *niːl, *niːls ) to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-njak ( “ filth(y); excrement ” ) , to which 敜 (OC *nɯːb ) and 涅 (OC *niːɡ ) are also compared.
Pronunciation
Note :
nài/nai2 - colloquial;
nì/ni2 - literary.
Note :
nî/lî - vernacular;
lê/nê - literary.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
泥
Reading #
1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
ní
Middle Chinese
‹ nej ›
Old Chinese
/*C.nˁ/
English
mud
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
泥
Reading #
1/2
No.
9417
Phonetic component
尼
Rime group
脂
Rime subdivision
1
Corresponding MC rime
泥
Old Chinese
/*niːl/
Definitions
泥
mud (Classifier : 嚿 c ; 坺 c )
滿 腳 是 泥 / 满 脚 是 泥 ― mǎn jiǎo shì ní ― mud all over one's feet
軟泥 / 软泥 ― ruǎnní ― soft mud
泥 娃娃 ― ní wáwá ― clay doll
( dialectal ) soil ; earth
一 嚿 泥 [Cantonese ] ― jat1 gau6 nai4 ― a clod of earth
any mush-like substance
薯泥 ― shǔní ― mashed potato
泥 膠/ 泥 胶 ― ní jiāo ― Blu-Tack
鷹嘴豆泥 / 鹰嘴豆泥 ― yīngzuǐdòuní ― hummus
( obsolete ) paint (used on walls)
An ancient river in modern Hunan
An ancient river in modern Gansu
( obsolete ) weak
( Chinese mythology ) a kind of animal that lived in sea
a surname
( ~母 ) ( Chinese linguistics ) the Middle Chinese initial of 泥 (MC nej )
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
泥 (“mud”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
塗 , 泥
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
泥
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
泥 , 泥巴 , 泥巴兒
Taiwan
泥巴
Chifeng
泥 , 泥巴
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
泥
Harbin
泥 , 泥巴
Shenyang
泥
Jilu Mandarin
Tianjin
泥
Tangshan
泥
Baoding
泥 , 泥巴
Shijiazhuang
泥
Jinan
泥巴 , 泥
Jiaoliao Mandarin
Yantai (Muping)
泥
Qingdao
泥
Central Plains Mandarin
Luoyang
泥巴
Wanrong
泥
Zhengzhou
泥
Xi'an
泥
Xining
泥
Xuzhou
泥
Lanyin Mandarin
Lanzhou
泥 , 泥巴
Ürümqi
泥巴
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
泥巴
Chongqing
泥巴
Wuhan
泥巴
Guiyang
泥巴
Kunming
泥 , 泥巴
Guilin
泥巴
Liuzhou
泥 , 泥巴
Jianghuai Mandarin
Nanjing
泥 , 泥巴
Yangzhou
泥 , 泥巴 , 爛泥
Nantong
泥 , 爛泥
Hefei
泥巴
Cantonese
Guangzhou
泥
Hong Kong
泥
Dongguan
泥
Yangjiang
泥
Gan
Nanchang
泥巴
Lichuan
泥
Jianning
泥
Taining
泥
Hakka
Meixian
泥
Pinghe (Jiufeng)
泥
Changting
泥
Shanghang
泥
Longyan (Yongding)
泥
Wuping
泥
Liancheng
泥
Ninghua
泥
Qingliu
泥
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
泥
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
泥
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
泥
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
泥沙
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
泥
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
泥
Huizhou
Jixi
泥 , 糊泥
Jin
Taiyuan
泥
Xinzhou
泥
Linhe
泥
Jining
泥
Hohhot
泥
Zhangjiakou
泥
Handan
泥
Northern Min
Jian'ou
泥
Songxi
泥
Zhenghe
泥
Jianyang
泥
Wuyishan
泥
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
塗
Fuzhou (Changle)
塗
Lianjiang
塗
Fuqing
塗
Pingtan
塗
Yongtai
塗
Minqing
塗
Gutian
塗
Pingnan
塗
Luoyuan
塗
Fu'an
塗
Ningde
塗
Xiapu
塗
Zherong
塗
Shouning
塗
Zhouning
塗
Fuding
塗
Southern Min
Xiamen
塗
Xiamen (Tong'an)
塗
Quanzhou
塗
Jinjiang
塗
Nan'an
塗
Shishi
塗
Hui'an
塗
Anxi
塗
Yongchun
塗
Dehua
塗
Zhangzhou
塗
Zhangzhou (Longhai)
塗
Zhangzhou (Changtai)
塗
Hua'an
塗
Nanjing
塗
Pinghe
塗
Zhangpu
塗
Yunxiao
塗
Zhao'an
塗
Dongshan
塗
Taipei
塗 GT
Kinmen
塗
Longyan
塗
Zhangping
塗
Datian
塗
Chaozhou
塗
Shantou
塗
Shantou (Chenghai)
塗
Jieyang
塗
Haifeng
塗
Leizhou
塗
Haikou
塗
Puxian Min
Putian
塗
Xianyou
塗
Central Min
Yong'an
泥
Sanming (Sanyuan)
泥
Sanming (Shaxian)
泥
Shaojiang Min
Shaowu
泥
Guangze
泥
Jiangle
泥
Mingxi
泥
Shunchang
泥
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
泥
Wu
Shanghai
爛泥 , 爛糊泥
Suzhou
爛泥 , 爛污泥
Danyang
泥 , 爛泥
Hangzhou
泥巴 , 爛污泥 , 爛泥
Ningbo
爛污泥 , 淖泥 , 爛泥
Wenzhou
爛污泥 , 爛污泥兒 , 爛泥 , 泥
Jinhua
泥 , 糊泥
Pucheng
泥
Xiang
Changsha
泥巴
Loudi
泥巴
Shuangfeng
泥巴
Note
GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
Dialectal synonyms of
土 (“earth; soil (dry)”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
土
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
土
Northeastern Mandarin
Beijing
土
Harbin
土
Jilu Mandarin
Jinan
土 , 土拉
Southwestern Mandarin
Chengdu
泥巴
Wuhan
泥巴
Guiyang
泥巴
Guilin
土
Liuzhou
泥 , 泥巴
Jianghuai Mandarin
Yangzhou
泥 , 爛泥
Hefei
土
Cantonese
Guangzhou
泥
Hong Kong
泥
Dongguan
泥
Yangjiang
泥
Beihai
泥
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
土
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
土
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
土 , 泥
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
泥
Móng Cái
土 , 泥
Gan
Nanchang
泥巴 , 土
Hakka
Meixian
泥
Xingning
泥
Huidong (Daling)
泥
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
泥
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
泥
Changting
泥
Wuping
泥
Wuping (Pingyu)
泥
Liancheng
泥
Ruijin
泥 , 那泥
Shicheng
泥
Shangyou (Shexi)
泥
Huizhou
Jixi
糊泥
Jin
Taiyuan
土
Xinzhou
土
Northern Min
Jian'ou
泥
Songxi
泥
Zhenghe
泥
Jianyang
泥
Wuyishan
泥
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
塗
Fuzhou (Changle)
塗
Lianjiang
塗
Fuqing
塗
Pingtan
塗
Yongtai
塗
Minqing
塗
Gutian
塗
Pingnan
塗
Luoyuan
塗
Fu'an
塗
Ningde
塗
Xiapu
塗
Zherong
塗
Shouning
塗
Zhouning
塗
Fuding
塗
Southern Min
Xiamen
塗
Xiamen (Tong'an)
塗
Quanzhou
塗
Jinjiang
塗
Nan'an
塗
Shishi
塗
Hui'an
塗
Anxi
塗
Yongchun
塗
Dehua
塗
Zhangzhou
塗
Zhangzhou (Longhai)
塗
Zhangzhou (Changtai)
塗
Hua'an
塗
Nanjing
塗
Pinghe
塗
Zhangpu
塗
Yunxiao
塗
Zhao'an
塗
Dongshan
塗
Kinmen
塗
Manila (Hokkien)
塗
Longyan
塗
Zhangping
塗
Datian
塗
Chaozhou
塗
Shantou
塗
Shantou (Chenghai)
塗
Jieyang
塗
Leizhou
塗
Wenchang
塗
Haikou
塗
Puxian Min
Putian
塗
Xianyou
塗
Central Min
Yong'an
泥
Sanming (Sanyuan)
泥
Sanming (Shaxian)
泥
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
泥
Wu
Shanghai
爛泥 , 爛糊泥
Shanghai (Chongming)
爛泥
Suzhou
爛泥 , 硬爛泥
Danyang
爛泥
Hangzhou
爛污泥
Ningbo
淖泥 , 爛泥
Wenzhou
爛污泥 , 爛污泥兒 , 爛泥 , 泥
Jinhua
糊泥 , 泥
Xiang
Changsha
泥巴
Xiangxiang
土
Shuangfeng
土
Compounds
Etymology 2
Schuessler (2007) suggests it is the exopassive derivation of 敜 (OC *nɯːb , “to stop up”) or 涅 (OC *niːɡ , “to stop up”) and is distinct from 泥 (OC *niːl , “mud”).
Pronunciation
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
泥
Reading #
2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
ní
Middle Chinese
‹ nejH ›
Old Chinese
/*nˁər(ʔ)-s/
English
impeded, obstructed (Lunyu)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
泥
Reading #
2/2
No.
9421
Phonetic component
尼
Rime group
脂
Rime subdivision
1
Corresponding MC rime
泥
Old Chinese
/*niːls/
Definitions
泥
to hold up ; to bog down
to plaster ; to cover with plaster
stubborn ; obstinate
拘泥 ― jūní ― to rigidly adhere to
to pester using soft words
to be obsessed with and be reluctant to let go of
Compounds
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Definitions
泥
Only used in 泥泥 .
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
Definitions
泥
Only used in 泥母 .
Etymology 5
For pronunciation and definitions of 泥 – see 涅 (“black mud ; melanterite ; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 涅 ).
Etymology 6
For pronunciation and definitions of 泥 – see 屔 . (This character is a variant form of 屔 ).
References
Japanese
Kanji
泥
(Jōyō kanji )
Readings
Etymology
Noun
泥( どろ ) • (doro )
mud
Derived terms
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 泥 (MC nej| nejH ). Recorded as Middle Korean 니 ( ni ) (Yale : ni ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회 ), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource
泥 (eumhun 진흙 니 ( jinheuk ni ) , word-initial (South Korea) 진흙 이 ( jinheuk i ) )
hanja form? of 니 /이 ( “ mud ; dirt ” )
Compounds
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Vietnamese
Han character
泥 : Hán Nôm readings: nề , nê , nệ , nè , nể , nễ , nơi
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
References