洛

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洛 U+6D1B, 洛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D1B
← 洚
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 洜 →
洛 U+F915, 洛
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F915
← 樂
 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 烙 →

Translingual

Han character

洛 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水竹水口 (EHER), four-corner 37164, composition ⿰氵各)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 620, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17383
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1016, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1614, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6D1B

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 洛

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 洛
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
髂 *kʰraːɡs
路 *ɡ·raːɡs
輅 *ɡ·raːɡs
賂 *ɡ·raːɡs
虂 *ɡ·raːɡs
露 *ɡ·raːɡs
潞 *raːɡs
鷺 *raːɡs
璐 *raːɡs
簬 *raːɡs
簵 *ɡ·raːɡs
洛 *ɡ·raːɡ
駱 *ɡ·raːɡ
絡 *ɡ·raːɡ
酪 *ɡ·raːɡ
烙 *ɡ·raːɡ
雒 *ɡ·raːɡ
珞 *ɡ·raːɡ
硌 *ɡ·raːɡ
袼 *ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ
笿 *ɡ·raːɡ
鉻 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
鮥 *ɡ·raːɡ
鵅 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
挌 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
落 *ɡ·raːɡ
各 *klaːɡ
胳 *klaːɡ
閣 *klaːɡ
格 *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ
擱 *klaːɡ
恪 *kʰlaːɡ
愙 *kʰaːɡ
貉 *ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ
狢 *ɡlaːɡ
佫 *ɡlaːɡ
略 *ɡ·raɡ
茖 *kraːɡ
骼 *kraːɡ
觡 *kraːɡ
蛒 *kraːɡ
敋 *kraːɡ
客 *kʰraːɡ
喀 *kʰraːɡ
揢 *kʰraːɡ
額 *ŋɡraːɡ
峉 *ŋɡraːɡ
頟 *ŋɡraːɡ
詻 *ŋɡraːɡ
垎 *ɡraːɡ
楁 *ɡraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • lo̍k - literary;
  • lo̍h - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 洛
Mandarin Beijing /luo⁵¹/
Harbin /luo⁵³/
Tianjin /lɤ⁵³/
Jinan /luə²¹/
Qingdao /luə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /luo²⁴/
Xi'an /luo²¹/
Xining /lu⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /luə¹³/
Lanzhou /luə¹³/
Ürümqi /luɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /nuo²¹³/
Chengdu /no³¹/
Guiyang /no²¹/
Kunming /lo³¹/
Nanjing /loʔ⁵/
Hefei /luɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /luaʔ²/
Pingyao /lʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /luaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /loʔ¹/
Suzhou /loʔ³/
Hangzhou /loʔ²/
Wenzhou /lo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /lɔ²²/
Tunxi /lo⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /lo²⁴/
Xiangtan /no²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /lɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /lok̚⁵/
Taoyuan /lok̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lɔk̚³/
Nanning /lɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /lɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lɔk̚⁵/
/loʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /louʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /lɔ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /lok̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lɔk̚⁵/
Rime
Character 洛
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 盧各切
Baxter lak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lak̚/
Li
Rong 		/lɑk̚/
Wang
Li 		/lɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		luò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lok6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 洛
Reading # 1/1
No. 3866
Phonetic
component 		各
Rime
group 		鐸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		落
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·raːɡ/

Definitions

洛

  1. (～水, ～河) Luo River, a tributary of the Yellow River.
  2. (～河) Luo River, a tributary of the Wei River.
  3. Luoyang
  4. a surname
  5. (Mainland China) Used in the phonetic transcription of /lɒ/, /lɔː/, and /loʊ/ into Chinese characters

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

洛

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

  • Go-on: らく (raku)
  • Kan-on: らく (raku)
  • Kun: みやこ (miyako, 洛)、つらなる (tsuranaru, 洛なる)、まとう (matō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
洛
らく
Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 洛 (MC lak), originally referring to 洛陽(らくよう) (Rakuyō, “Luoyang”).

Pronunciation

Affix

洛(らく) • (raku) ←らく (raku)?

  1. (literary) capital city
    Synonym: 京 (kyō)
  2. (especially) Kyōto (a city in Kyōto, Japan)
    Synonym: 京 (kyō)
    上洛(じょうらく) (jōraku)

Korean

Hanja

洛 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙, revised rak>nak, McCune–Reischauer rak>nak, Yale lak>nak)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

洛: Hán Nôm readings: rặc, chua, lạc, lặng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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