焼く

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Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
燒く (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE, and in the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759 CE.[1][2][3] From Proto-Japonic *yaku.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「焼く
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
焼く
Imperative (命令形) 焼け
Key constructions
Passive 焼かれる かれる
Causative 焼かせる かせる
Potential 焼ける ける
Volitional 焼こう
Negative 焼かない かない
Negative perfective 焼かなかった かなかった
Formal 焼きます きま
Perfective 焼いた いた
Conjunctive 焼いて いて
Hypothetical conditional 焼けば

Verb

() (yakutransitive godan (stem () (yaki), past ()いた (yaita))

Japanese verb pair
active 焼く
mediopassive 焼ける
  1. to change something by means of fire, light, chemicals, or other means:
    1. to burn
      1. to set on fire, to light on fire
      2. to burn to ashes
    2. to burn (to write data to a permanent storage medium)
    3. to use heat or flame to prepare something for eating or using:
      1. (cooking) to grill
      2. (cooking) to broil
      3. (cooking) to fry
      4. (cooking) to toast
      5. (cooking) to roast
      6. (cooking) to bake
      7. (pottery) to fire
    4. to apply moxibustion
    5. to expose to sunlight and cause to change color: to tan one's skin
    6. (photography) to print a photograph by shining a light through a negative
    7. to rub chemicals
    8. to have a sensation, to burn (the heart)
  2. (figuratively) to convey feelings from the heart:
    1. to worry
    2. to care
    3. 妬く: to envy, to be jealous
    4. to make someone happy

Conjugation

Derived terms

Verb

() (yakuintransitive nidan

  1. (obsolete) to change on its own by means of fire, light, chemicals, or other means: to burn, to tan, to be cooked

Usage notes

The intransitive use of yaku is now obsolete, and has been superseded by the modern form 焼ける (yakeru).

Conjugation

References

  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^
    711–712, Kojiki, poem 74:
    , text here
  3. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 15, poem 3652:
    , text here
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  6. 6.0 6.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  7. ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN